CVE-2023-1876: Restrictive composer.json makes Dompdf vulnerable to URI validation failure on SVG parsing in microweber

Description

The URI validation on dompdf 2.0.1 can be bypassed on SVG parsing by passing <image> tags with uppercase letters. This might lead to arbitrary object unserialize on PHP < 8, through the phar URL wrapper.

The bug occurs during SVG parsing of <image> tags, in src/Image/Cache.php:

    $parser = xml_parser_create("utf-8");
    xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, false);
    xml_set_element_handler(
        $parser,
        function ($parser, $name, $attributes) use ($options, $parsed_url, $full_url) {
            if ($name === "image") {
                $attributes = array_change_key_case($attributes, CASE_LOWER) 

This part will try to detect <image> tags in SVG, and will take the href to validate it against the protocolAllowed whitelist. However, the `$name comparison with “image” is case sensitive, which means that such a tag in the SVG will pass the PoC below

Proof of Concept

<svg>
    <Image xlink:href="phar:///foo"></Image>
</svg>

Impact

An attacker might be able to exploit the vulnerability to call arbitrary URL with arbitrary protocols, if they can provide a SVG file to dompdf. In PHP versions before 8.0.0, it leads to arbitrary unserialize, that will leads at the very least to an arbitrary file deletion, and might leads to remote code execution, depending on classes that are available.