Zabbix Agent 6.2.7 Insecure Permissions / Privilege Escalation

# Exploit Title: Zabbix agents - Insecure Permissions on non-default installation directory location# Discovery by: mmg# Discovery Date: 2023-01-23# Vendor Homepage: https://www.zabbix.com/download_agents# Software Link Zabbix agent : https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/binaries/stable/6.2/6.2.7/zabbix_agent-6.2.7-windows-amd64-openssl.msi# Software Link Zabbix agent 2 : https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/binaries/stable/6.2/6.2.7/zabbix_agent2-6.2.7-windows-amd64-openssl.msi# Tested Version: Zabbix agent and Zabbix agent 2 (v6.2.6, v6.2.7 and older versions)# Vulnerability Type: Local Privilege Escalation# Tested on OS: Windows 10 Pro Version 22H2 (OS Build 19045.2486) x64 version# CVSSv3 Vectors : https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H# CVE N/A# Step to discover:Go to Start and type powershell.Enter the following command and press Enter:Get-WmiObject win32_service | ?{ $_.Name -like '*zabbix*' -and $_.Pathname -notlike "*C:\Program Files*"}| select Name,PathName# Example of a vulnerable installationName           PathName----           --------Zabbix Agent   "C:\Software\Zabbix Agent\zabbix_agentd.exe" --config "C:\Software\Zabbix Agent\zabbix_agentd.conf"Zabbix Agent 2 "D:\software\Zabbix Agent 2\zabbix_agent2.exe" -c "D:\software\Zabbix Agent 2\zabbix_agent2.conf" -f=false# Exploit:A vulnerability was found in Zabbix Agents on non-default installation directory location. The Zabbix Agent executables have incorrect permissions, allowing a local unprivileged user to replace itwith a malicious file that will be executed with "LocalSystem" privileges which will result in completecompromise of Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability.# TimelineJan 23, 2023 - Reported to ZabbixFeb 1, 2023  - Zabbix does not consider this a vulnerabilityFeb 6, 2023  - Requested official approval to disclose itFeb 8, 2023  - Zabbix agrees with public disclosureFeb 13, 2023 - Public disclosure