#Windows Cryptographic Services

**What type of information could be disclosed by this vulnerability?** The type of information that could be disclosed if an attacker successfully exploited this vulnerability is the contents of OAEP decrypt information. An attacker could read the contents of OAEP decrypt from a user mode process.

**Are there any further actions I need to take to be protected from this vulnerability?** Yes. The Windows Smart Card infrastructure relies on the Cryptographic Service Provider (CSP) and Key Storage Provider (KSP) to isolate cryptographic operations from the Smart Card implementation. The KSP is part of the Crypto Next Generation (CNG) architecture and is intended to support modern smart cards. In the case of RSA based certificates, the Smart Card Certificate Propagation service automatically overrides the default and uses the CSP instead of the KSP. This limits usage to the cryptography provided by the CSP and does not benefit from the modern cryptography provided by the KSP. Beginning with the July 2024 security updates released on July 9, 2024, this vulnerability will be addressed by removing the RSA override and using the KSP as the default. This change is initially disabled by default to allow customers to test it in their environment and to detect any application compatibility...

**What type of information could be disclosed by this vulnerability?** The type of information that could be disclosed if an attacker successfully exploited this vulnerability is Windows cryptographic secrets.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** The attacker must inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim to read or modify network communications. This is called a machine-in-the-middle (MITM) attack.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** For successful exploitation, a locally authenticated attacker needs to send a specially crafted request to the cryptography provider's vulnerable function.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** For successful exploitation, a malicious certificate needs to be imported on an affected system. An attacker could upload a certificate to a service that processes or imports certificates, or an attacker could convince an authenticated user to import a certificate on their system.

**What kind of security feature could be bypassed by successfully exploiting this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could bypass RSA signature verification on a vulnerable system.

**What type of information could be disclosed by this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could potentially read small portions of heap memory.

**According to the CVSS metric, privileges required is low (PR:L). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Any authenticated attacker could trigger this vulnerability. It does not require admin or other elevated privileges.

**What type of information could be disclosed by this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could potentially read small portions of heap memory.