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CVE-2023-32002: HackerOne: CVE-2023-32002 Node.js `Module._load()` policy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**Why is this HackerOne CVE included in the Security Update Guide?** The vulnerability assigned to this CVE is in Node.js software which is consumed by Microsoft Visual Studio. It is being documented in the Security Update Guide to announce that the latest builds of Visual Studio are no longer vulnerable. Please see Security Update Guide Supports CVEs Assigned by Industry Partners for more information.

Microsoft Security Response Center
#vulnerability#microsoft#nodejs#js#rce#Open Source Software#Security Vulnerability
CVE-2025-21420: Windows Disk Cleanup Tool Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain SYSTEM privileges.

CVE-2025-21379: DHCP Client Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** The attacker must inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim to read or modify network communications. This is called a machine-in-the-middle (MITM) attack.

CVE-2025-21376: Windows Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

CVE-2025-21375: Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain SYSTEM privileges.

CVE-2025-21391: Windows Storage Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability?** An attacker would only be able to delete targeted files on a system.

CVE-2025-21183: Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Deduplication Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

CVE-2025-21419: Windows Setup Files Cleanup Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metrics, successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to no loss of confidentiality (C:N) but have major impact on integrity (I:H) and on availability (A:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** This vulnerability does not allow disclosure of any confidential information, but could allow an attacker to delete data that could include data that results in the service being unavailable.

CVE-2025-21182: Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Deduplication Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

CVE-2025-21369: Microsoft Digest Authentication Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** To successfully exploit this remote code execution vulnerability, an attacker could send a malicious logon request to the target domain controller.