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GHSA-638j-pmjw-jq48: rails-html-sanitizer has XSS vulnerability with certain configurations

## Summary There is a possible XSS vulnerability with certain configurations of Rails::HTML::Sanitizer 1.6.0 when used with Rails >= 7.1.0. * Versions affected: 1.6.0 * Not affected: < 1.6.0 * Fixed versions: 1.6.1 ## Impact A possible XSS vulnerability with certain configurations of Rails::HTML::Sanitizer may allow an attacker to inject content if HTML5 sanitization is enabled and the application developer has overridden the sanitizer's allowed tags in the following way: - the "math" and "style" elements are both explicitly allowed Code is only impacted if Rails is configured to use HTML5 sanitization, please see documentation for [`config.action_view.sanitizer_vendor`](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#config-action-view-sanitizer-vendor) and [`config.action_text.sanitizer_vendor`](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#config-action-text-sanitizer-vendor) for more information on these configuration options. The default configuration is to disallow these...

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#xss#vulnerability#web#ruby
GHSA-w8gc-x259-rc7x: rails-html-sanitize has XSS vulnerability with certain configurations

## Summary There is a possible XSS vulnerability with certain configurations of Rails::HTML::Sanitizer 1.6.0 when used with Rails >= 7.1.0 and Nokogiri < 1.15.7, or 1.16.x < 1.16.8. * Versions affected: 1.6.0 * Not affected: < 1.6.0 * Fixed versions: 1.6.1 Please note that the fix in v1.6.1 is to update the dependency on Nokogiri to 1.15.7 or >= 1.16.8. ## Impact A possible XSS vulnerability with certain configurations of Rails::HTML::Sanitizer may allow an attacker to inject content if HTML5 sanitization is enabled and the application developer has overridden the sanitizer's allowed tags in either of the following ways: * allow both "math" and "style" elements * or allow both "svg" and "style" elements Code is only impacted if Rails is configured to use HTML5 sanitization, please see documentation for [`config.action_view.sanitizer_vendor`](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#config-action-view-sanitizer-vendor) and [`config.action_text.sanitizer_vendor`](https://g...

GHSA-59g5-xgcq-4qw3: Denial of service (DoS) via deformation `multipart/form-data` boundary

### Summary When parsing form data, `python-multipart` skips line breaks (CR `\r` or LF `\n`) in front of the first boundary and any tailing bytes after the last boundary. This happens one byte at a time and emits a log event each time, which may cause excessive logging for certain inputs. An attacker could abuse this by sending a malicious request with lots of data before the first or after the last boundary, causing high CPU load and stalling the processing thread for a significant amount of time. In case of ASGI application, this could stall the event loop and prevent other requests from being processed, resulting in a denial of service (DoS). ### Impact Applications that use `python-multipart` to parse form data (or use frameworks that do so) are affected. ### Original Report This security issue was reported by: - GitHub security advisory in Starlette on October 30 by @Startr4ck - Email to `python-multipart` maintainer on October 3 by @mnqazi

GHSA-qmc2-jpr5-7rg9: Backstage Scaffolder plugin vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery

### Impact A vulnerability is identified in Backstage Scaffolder template functionality where Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) can be exploited to perform Git config injection. The vulnerability allows an attacker to capture privileged git tokens used by the Backstage Scaffolder plugin. With these tokens, unauthorized access to sensitive resources in git can be achieved. The impact is considered medium severity as the Backstage Threat Model recommends restricting access to adding and editing templates in the Backstage Catalog plugin. ### Patches The issue has been resolved in versions `v0.4.12`, `v0.5.1` and `v0.6.1` of the `@backstage/plugin-scaffolder-node` package. Users are encouraged to upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. ### Workarounds Users can ensure that templates do not change git config. ### References If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: Open an issue in the [Backstage repository](https://github.com/backstage/backstage)...

GHSA-x3f4-45xf-rjm7: `ruzstd` uninit and out-of-bounds memory reads

Affected versions of `ruzstd` miscalculate the length of the allocated and init section of its internal `RingBuffer`, leading to uninitialized or out-of-bounds reads in `copy_bytes_overshooting` of up to 15 bytes. This may result in up to 15 bytes of memory contents being written into the decoded data when decompressing a crafted archive. This may occur multiple times per archive.

Interpol Cyber-Fraud Action Nets More Than 5K Arrests

Chalk up another win for global cooperation among law enforcement, this time targeting seven types of cyber fraud, including voice phishing and business email compromise.

AWS Launches New Incident Response Service

AWS Security Incident Response will help security teams defend their organizations from account takeovers, breaches, ransomware attacks, and other types of security threats.