SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco versions 2.x and below suffers from an insufficient session expiration vulnerability.

    SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco <=2.x Insufficient Session ExpirationVendor: SOUND4 Ltd.Product web page: https://www.sound4.com | https://www.sound4.bizAffected version: 4.1.102Summary: The SOUND4 IMPACT introduces an innovative process - mono andstereo parts of the signal are processed separately to obtain perfectconsistency in terms of both sound and level. Therefore, in movingreception, when the FM receiver switches from stereo to mono and back tostereo, the sound variations and changes in level are reduced by over 90%.In the SOUND4 IMPACT processing chain, the stereo expander can be usedsubstantially without any limitations.With its advanced functionalities and impressive versatility, SOUND4PULSE gives clients the ultimate price - performance ratio, providingmuch more than just a processor. Flexible and powerful, it ensures perfectsound quality and full compatibility with radio broadcasting standardsand can be used simultaneously for FM and HD, DAB, DRM or streaming.SOUND4 FIRST provides all the most important functionalities you needin an FM/HD processor and sets the bar high both in terms of performanceand affordability. Designed to deliver a sound of uncompromising quality,this tool gives you 2-band processing, a digital stereo generator and anIMPACT Clipper.Desc: The application suffers an insufficient session expiration. Thisoccurs when the web application permits an attacker to reuse old sessioncredentials or session IDs for authorization. Insufficient session expirationincreases the device's exposure to attacks that can steal or reuse user'ssession identifiers.Tested on: Apache/2.4.25 (Unix)           OpenSSL/1.0.2k           PHP/7.1.1           GNU/Linux 5.10.43 (armv7l)           GNU/Linux 4.9.228 (armv7l)Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' KrsticMacedonian Information Security Research and Development LaboratoryZero Science Lab - https://www.zeroscience.mk - @zeroscienceAdvisory ID: ZSL-2022-5724Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2022-5724.php26.09.2022--Session valid after 96 hours:POST /checklogin.php HTTP/1.1Host: RADIOCookie: PHPSESSID=q9rooqkl3kl20aianmveimu23q; monitor-mp3-bitrate=128; monitor-volume=1; settings_accordion_active=3; netdiagsaccordion_last=0Content-Length: 34Sec-Ch-Ua: "Chromium";v="105", "Not)A;Brand";v="8"Accept: */*Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequestSec-Ch-Ua-Mobile: ?0User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.5195.102 Safari/537.36Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform: "Windows"Origin: https://RADIOSec-Fetch-Site: same-originSec-Fetch-Mode: corsSec-Fetch-Dest: emptyReferer: https://RADIO/linkandshare.phpAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9Connection: closesession=q9rooqkl3kl20aianmveimu23qHTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Sat, 03 Jan 1970 11:13:19 GMTServer: Apache/2.4.25 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.0.2k PHP/7.1.1X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.1Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMTCache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidatePragma: no-cacheVary: User-AgentContent-Length: 1Connection: closeContent-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-80

SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco 2.x Insufficient Session Expiration

Arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Zabbix Web Service Report Generation, which listens on the port 10053. The service does not have proper validation for URL parameters before reading the files.

**ID:** ZBV-2022-09-1

**CVE:** CVE-2022-46768

**Synopsis:** File name information disclosure vulnerability in Zabbix Web Service Report Generation

**Description:** Arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Zabbix Web Service Report Generation, which listens on the port 10053. The service does not have proper validation for URL parameters before reading the files.

**CVSS:** 5.9: AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

**Zabbix Severity:** Medium

**Known Attack Vectors:** An attacker can read arbitrary files on the file system without authentication with 2 pre-conditions:

1.  Zabbix web service has to allow the access from attacker's IP in the zabbix\_web\_service.conf file
2.  Victim server has to install Google Chrome

**Resolution:** To remediate this vulnerability, apply the updates listed in the 'Fixed Version' section to appropriate products or use the workaround

**Workarounds:** If an immediate update is not possible, limit network access to Zabbix Web Service Report Generation.

CVE-2022-46768: [ZBX-22087] Zabbix Web Service Report Generation External Control of File Name Information Disclosure Vulnerability (CVE-2022-46768)

Tech giant Microsoft released its last set of monthly security updates for 2022 with fixes for 49 vulnerabilities across its software products.
Of the 49 bugs, six are rated Critical, 40 are rated Important, and three are rated Moderate in severity. The updates are in addition to 24 vulnerabilities that have been addressed in the Chromium-based Edge browser since the start of the month.

Patch Management / Vulnerability

Tech giant Microsoft released its last set of monthly security updates for 2022 with fixes for 49 vulnerabilities across its software products.

Of the 49 bugs, six are rated Critical, 40 are rated Important, and three are rated Moderate in severity. The updates are in addition to 24 vulnerabilities that have been addressed in the Chromium-based Edge browser since the start of the month.

December's Patch Tuesday plugs two zero-day vulnerabilities, one that's actively exploited and another issue that's listed as publicly disclosed at the time of release.

The former relates to CVE-2022-44698 (CVSS score: 5.4), one of the three security bypass issues in Windows SmartScreen that could be exploited by a malicious actor to evade mark of the web (MotW) protections.

It's worth noting that this issue, in conjunction with CVE-2022-41091 (CVSS score: 5.4), has been observed being exploited by Magniber ransomware actors to deliver rogue JavaScript files within ZIP archives.

"It allows attackers to craft documents that won't get tagged with Microsoft's 'Mark of the Web' despite being downloaded from untrusted sites," Rapid7's Greg Wiseman said. "This means no Protected View for Microsoft Office documents, making it easier to get users to do sketchy things like execute malicious macros."

Publicly disclosed, but not seen actively exploited, is CVE-2022-44710 (CVSS score: 7.8), an elevation of privilege flaw in DirectX Graphics Kernel that could enable an adversary to gain SYSTEM privileges.

"Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition," Microsoft pointed out in an advisory.

Also patched by Microsoft are multiple remote code execution bugs in Microsoft Dynamics NAV, Microsoft SharePoint Server, PowerShell, Windows Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP), .NET Framework, Contacts, and Terminal.

Furthermore, the update also resolves 11 remote code execution vulnerabilities in Microsoft Office Graphics, OneNote, and Visio, all of which are rated 7.8 in the CVSS scoring system.

Two of the 19 elevation of privilege flaws remediated this month comprises fixes for the Windows Print Spooler component (CVE-2022-44678 and CVE-2022-44681, CVSS scores: 7.8), continuing a steady stream of patches released by the company over the past year.

Last but not least, Microsoft has assigned the "Exploitation More Likely" tag to the PowerShell remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2022-41076, CVSS score: 8.5) and Windows Sysmon privilege escalation flaw (CVE-2022-44704, CVSS score: 7.8), making it essential that users apply updates to mitigate potential threats.

**Software Patches from Other Vendors**

In addition to Microsoft, security updates have also been released by other vendors over the past two weeks to rectify several vulnerabilities, including —

*   Adobe
*   Android
*   Apple
*   Cisco
*   Citrix
*   CODESYS
*   Dell
*   F5
*   Fortinet
*   GitLab
*   Google Chrome
*   HP
*   IBM
*   Intel
*   Lenovo
*   Linux distributions Debian, Oracle Linux, Red Hat, SUSE, and Ubuntu
*   MediaTek
*   Mozilla Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird
*   NVIDIA
*   Qualcomm
*   SAP
*   Schneider Electric
*   Siemens
*   Sophos
*   Trend Micro, and
*   VMware

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December 2022 Patch Tuesday: Get Latest Security Updates from Microsoft and More

Use after free in Aura in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 108.0.5359.124 allowed a remote attacker who convinced the user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via specific UI interactions. (Chromium security severity: High)

CVE-2022-4439

Use after free in Profiles in Google Chrome prior to 108.0.5359.124 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

CVE-2022-4440: Stable Channel Update for Desktop

Use after free in Mojo IPC in Google Chrome prior to 108.0.5359.124 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

CVE-2022-4437

Apple on Tuesday rolled out security updates to iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, and Safari web browser to address a new zero-day vulnerability that could result in the execution of malicious code.
Tracked as CVE-2022-42856, the issue has been described by the tech giant as a type confusion issue in the WebKit browser engine that could be triggered when processing specially crafted content, leading to

Apple on Tuesday rolled out security updates to iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, and Safari web browser to address a new zero-day vulnerability that could result in the execution of malicious code.

Tracked as **CVE-2022-42856**, the issue has been described by the tech giant as a type confusion issue in the WebKit browser engine that could be triggered when processing specially crafted content, leading to arbitrary code execution.

The company said it's "aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS released before iOS 15.1."

While details surrounding the exact nature of the attacks are unknown as yet, it's likely that it involved a case of social engineering or a watering hole to infect the devices when visiting a rogue or legitimate-but-compromised domain via the browser.

It's worth noting that every third-party web browser that's available for iOS and iPadOS, including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge, and others, is required to use the WebKit rendering engine due to restrictions imposed by Apple.

Credited with discovering and reporting the issue is Clément Lecigne of Google's Threat Analysis Group (TAG). Apple noted it addressed the bug with improved state handling.

The update, which is available with iOS 15.7.2, iPadOS 15.7.2, macOS Ventura 13.1, tvOS 16.2, and Safari 16.2, arrives two weeks after Apple patched the same bug in iOS 16.1.2 on November 30, 2022.

The fix marks the resolution of the tenth zero-day vulnerability discovered in Apple software since the start of the year. It's also the ninth actively exploited zero-day flaw in 2022 -

*   **CVE-2022-22587** (IOMobileFrameBuffer) – A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges
*   **CVE-2022-22594** (WebKit Storage) – A website may be able to track sensitive user information (publicly known but not actively exploited)
*   **CVE-2022-22620** (WebKit) – Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution
*   **CVE-2022-22674** (Intel Graphics Driver) – An application may be able to read kernel memory
*   **CVE-2022-22675** (AppleAVD) – An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges
*   **CVE-2022-32893** (WebKit) – Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution
*   **CVE-2022-32894** (Kernel) – An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges
*   **CVE-2022-32917** (Kernel) – An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges
*   **CVE-2022-42827** (Kernel) – An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

The latest iOS, iPadOS, and macOS updates also introduce a new security feature called Advanced Data Protection for iCloud that expands end-to-end encryption (E2EE) to ‌iCloud‌ Backup, Notes, Photos, and more.

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New Actively Exploited Zero-Day Vulnerability Discovered in Apple Products

Here's what you need to patch now, including six critical updates for Microsoft's final Patch Tuesday of the year.

Microsoft has released fixes for 48 new vulnerabilities across its products, including one that attackers are actively exploiting and another that has been publicly disclosed but is not under active exploit now.

Six of the vulnerabilities that the company patched in its final monthly security update for the year are listed as critical. It assigned an important severity rating to 43 vulnerabilities and gave three flaws a moderate severity assessment. 

Microsoft's update includes patches for out-of-band CVEs it addressed over the past month, plus 23 vulnerabilities in Google's Chromium browser technology, on which Microsoft's Edge browser is based.

**Actively Exploited Security Bug**

The flaw that attackers are actively exploiting (CVE-2022-44698) is not among the more critical of the bugs for which Microsoft released patches today. The flaw gives attackers a way to bypass the Windows SmartScreen security feature for protecting users against malicious files downloaded from the Internet. 

"An attacker can craft a malicious file that would evade Mark of the Web (MOTW) defenses, resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features such as Protected View in Microsoft Office, which rely on MOTW tagging," Microsoft said.

CVE-2022-44698 presents only a relatively small risk for organizations, says Kevin Breen, director of cyber-threat research at Immersive Labs. "It has to be used in partnership with an executable file or other malicious code like a document or script file," Breen says. "In these situations, this CVE bypasses some of Microsoft's built-in reputation scanning and detection — namely SmartScreen, which would normally pop up to tell a user the file may not be safe." 

At the same time, users should not underestimate the threat and should patch the issue quickly, Breen recommends.

Microsoft described another flaw — an elevation of privilege issue in the DirectX Graphics kernel — as a publicly known zero-day but not under active exploit. The company assessed the vulnerability (CVE-2022-44710) as being "Important" in severity and one that would allow an attacker to gain system-level privileges if exploited. However, the company described the flaw as one that attackers are less likely to exploit.

**Vulnerabilities to Patch Now**

Trend Micro's ZDI flagged three other vulnerabilities in the December Patch Tuesday security update as being significant: CVE-2022-44713, CVE-2022-41076, and CVE-2022-44699.

CVE-2022-44713 is a spoofing vulnerability in Microsoft Outlook for Mac. The vulnerability allows an attacker to appear as a trusted user and cause a victim to mistake an email message as if it came from a legitimate user. 

"We don't often highlight spoofing bugs, but anytime you're dealing with a spoofing bug in an email client, you should take notice," ZDI's head of threat awareness Dustin Childs said in a blog post. The vulnerability could prove especially troublesome when combined with the aforementioned SmartScreen MoTW bypass flaw that attackers are actively exploiting, he said.

CVE-2022-41076 is a PowerShell remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability that allows an authenticated attacker to escape the PowerShell Remoting Session Configuration and run arbitrary commands on an affected system, Microsoft said. 

The company assessed the vulnerability as something that attackers are more likely compromise, even though attack complexity itself is high. According to Childs, organizations should pay attention the vulnerability because it is the type of flaw that attackers often exploit when looking to "live off the land" after gaining initial access on a network. 

"Definitely don’t ignore this patch," Childs wrote.

And finally, CVE-2022-44699 is another security bypass vulnerability — this time in Azure Network Watcher Agent — that, if exploited, could affect an organization's ability to capture logs needed for incident response. 

"There might not be many enterprises relying on this tool, but for those using this \[Azure Network Watcher\] VM extension, this fix should be treated as critical and deployed quickly,' Childs said.

Researchers with Cisco Talos identified three other vulnerabilities as critical and issues that organizations need to address immediately. One of them is CVE-2022-41127, an RCE vulnerability that affects Microsoft Dynamics NAV and on-premises versions of Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on servers running Microsoft's Dynamics NAV ERP application, Talos researchers said in a blog post. 

The other two vulnerabilities that the vendor considers to be of high importance are CVE-2022-44670 and CVE-2022-44676, both of which are RCE flaws in the Windows Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP). 

"Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities requires an attacker to win a race condition but could enable an attacker to remotely execute code on RAS servers," according to Microsoft's advisory.

Among the vulnerabilities that the SANS Internet Storm Center identified as important are (CVE-2022-41089), an RCE in the .NET Framework, and (CVE-2022-44690) in Microsoft SharePoint Server.

In a blog post, Mike Walters, vice president of vulnerability and threat research at Action1 Corp., also pointed to a Windows Print Spooler elevation of privilege vulnerability (CVE-2022-44678), as another issue to watch. 

"The newly resolved CVE-2022-44678 is most likely to be exploited, which is probably true because Microsoft fixed another zero-day vulnerability related to Print Spooler last month," Walters said. "The risk from CVE-2022-44678 is the same: an attacker can get SYSTEM privileges after successful exploitation — but only locally."

**A Confusing Bug Count**

Interestingly, several vendors had different takes on the number of vulnerabilities that Microsoft patched this month. ZDI, for instance, assessed that Microsoft patched 52 vulnerabilities; Talos pegged the number at 48, SANS at 74, and Action1 initially had Microsoft patching 74, before revising it down to 52.

Johannes Ullrich, dean of research for the SANS Technology Institute, says the issue has to do with the different ways one can count the vulnerabilities. Some, for instance, include Chromium vulnerabilities in their count while others do not. 

Others, like SANS, also include security advisories that sometimes accompany Microsoft updates as vulnerabilities. Microsoft also sometimes releases patches during the month, which it also includes in the following Patch Tuesday update, and some researchers don't count these. 

"The patch count can sometimes be confusing, as the Patch Tuesday cycle is technically November to December, so this will also include patches that were released out of band earlier in the month, and can also include updates from third party vendors," Breen says. "The most notable of these are patches from Google from Chromium, which is the base for Microsoft's Edge browser."  
Breen says by his count there are 74 vulnerabilities patched since the last Patch Tuesday in November. This includes 51 from Microsoft and 23 from Google for the Edge browser. 

"If we exclude both the out-of-band and Google Chromium \[patches\], 49 patches for vulnerabilities were released today," he says.

A Microsoft spokesman says the number of new CVEs for which the company issued patches today was 48.

Microsoft Squashes Zero-Day, Actively Exploited Bugs in Dec. Update

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Update Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.

CVE-2022-41115

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

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