#rce

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N), and privilege required is low (PR:L). What is the target used in the context of the remote code execution?** The attacker for this vulnerability could target the server accounts in an arbitrary or remote code execution. As an authenticated user, the attacker could attempt to trigger malicious code in the context of the server's account through a network call. The privilege requirement is low because the attacker needs to be authenticated as a normal user.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N), and privilege required is low (PR:L). What is the target used in the context of the remote code execution?** The attacker for this vulnerability could target the server accounts in an arbitrary or remote code execution. As an authenticated user, the attacker could attempt to trigger malicious code in the context of the server's account through a network call. The privilege requirement is low because the attacker needs to be authenticated as a normal user.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is local (AV:L). Why does the CVE title indicate that this is a remote code execution?** The word **Remote** in the title refers to the location of the attacker. This type of exploit is sometimes referred to as Arbitrary Code Execution (ACE). The attack itself is carried out locally. For example, when the score indicates that the **Attack Vector** is **Local** and **User Interaction** is **Required**, this could describe an exploit in which an attacker, through social engineering, convinces a victim to download and open a specially crafted file from a website which leads to a local attack on their computer.

**What can cause this vulnerability?** The vulnerability occurs due to improper validation of cmdlet arguments. **Does the attacker need to be in an authenticated role in the Exchange Server?** Yes, the attacker must be authenticated.

**The following mitigating factors might be helpful in your situation:** Exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to trick or convince the victim into connecting to their malicious server. If your environment only connects to known, trusted servers and there is no ability to reconfigure existing connections to point to another location (for example you use TLS encryption with certificate validation), the vulnerability cannot be exploited.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could exploit this path traversal vulnerability by leveraging the OcsPowershell endpoint within Skype for Business Server 2019 CU7 Hotfix 2 and Skype for Business Server 2015 CU13 Hotfix 1. Exploitation of this vulnerability requires the authenticated remote user be granted either the CsVoiceAdministrator or CsServerAdministrator role in order to create arbitrary files on the server. This exploit would allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server.

**According to the CVSS metric, privileges required is high (PR:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires the attacker or targeted user to be granted an administrative role in the Skype for Business Control Panel. To help retain security and role-based access control integrity, add users to the groups that define what role the user performs in management of the Skype for Business Server deployment.

**According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R). What interaction would the user have to do?** An attacker could exploit the vulnerability by tricking an authenticated user (CVSS metric UI:R) into attempting to connect to a malicious SQL server via a connection driver (for example: ODBC and / or OLEDB as applicable).

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could execute code in the security context of the “NT AUTHORITY\\Network Service” account.

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.