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Critical Linux CUPS Printing System Flaws Could Allow Remote Command Execution
A new set of security vulnerabilities has been disclosed in the OpenPrinting Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) on Linux systems that could permit remote command execution under certain conditions. "A remote unauthenticated attacker can silently replace existing printers’ (or install new ones) IPP urls with a malicious one, resulting in arbitrary command execution (on the computer) when a print
A new set of security vulnerabilities has been disclosed in the OpenPrinting Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) on Linux systems that could permit remote command execution under certain conditions.
“A remote unauthenticated attacker can silently replace existing printers’ (or install new ones) IPP urls with a malicious one, resulting in arbitrary command execution (on the computer) when a print job is started (from that computer),” security researcher Simone Margaritelli said.
CUPS is a standards-based, open-source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems, including ArchLinux, Debian, Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), ChromeOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, openSUSE, and SUSE Linux.
The list of vulnerabilities is as follows -
- CVE-2024-47176 - cups-browsed <= 2.0.1 binds on UDP INADDR_ANY:631 trusting any packet from any source to trigger a Get-Printer-Attributes IPP request to an attacker-controlled URL
- CVE-2024-47076 - libcupsfilters <= 2.1b1 cfGetPrinterAttributes5 does not validate or sanitize the IPP attributes returned from an IPP server, providing attacker-controlled data to the rest of the CUPS system
- CVE-2024-47175 - libppd <= 2.1b1 ppdCreatePPDFromIPP2 does not validate or sanitize the IPP attributes when writing them to a temporary PPD file, allowing the injection of attacker-controlled data in the resulting PPD
- CVE-2024-47177 - cups-filters <= 2.0.1 foomatic-rip allows arbitrary command execution via the FoomaticRIPCommandLine PPD parameter
A net consequence of these shortcomings is that they could be fashioned into an exploit chain that allows an attacker to create a malicious, fake printing device on a network-exposed Linux system running CUPS and trigger remote code execution upon sending a print job.
“The issue arises due to improper handling of ‘New Printer Available’ announcements in the ‘cups-browsed’ component, combined with poor validation by ‘cups’ of the information provided by a malicious printing resource,” network security company Ontinue said.
“The vulnerability stems from inadequate validation of network data, allowing attackers to get the vulnerable system to install a malicious printer driver, and then send a print job to that driver triggering execution of the malicious code. The malicious code is executed with the privileges of the lp user – not the superuser 'root.’”
RHEL, in an advisory, said all versions of the operating system are affected by the four flaws, but noted that they are not vulnerable in their default configuration. It tagged the issues as Important in severity, given that the real-world impact is likely to be low.
“By chaining this group of vulnerabilities together, an attacker could potentially achieve remote code execution which could then lead to theft of sensitive data and/or damage to critical production systems,” it said.
Cybersecurity firm Rapid7 pointed out that affected systems are exploitable, either from the public internet or across network segments, only if UDP port 631 is accessible and the vulnerable service is listening.
Palo Alto Networks has disclosed that none of its products and cloud services contain the aforementioned CUPS-related software packages, and therefore are not impacted by the flaws.
Patches for the vulnerabilities are currently being developed and are expected to be released in the coming days. Until then, it’s advisable to disable and remove the cups-browsed service if it’s not necessary, and block or restrict traffic to UDP port 631.
“It looks like the embargoed Linux unauth RCE vulnerabilities that have been touted as doomsday for Linux systems, may only affect a subset of systems,” Benjamin Harris, CEO of WatchTowr, said in a statement shared with The Hacker News.
“Given this, while the vulnerabilities in terms of technical impact are serious, it is significantly less likely that desktop machines/workstations running CUPS are exposed to the Internet in the same manner or numbers that typical server editions of Linux would be.”
Satnam Narang, senior staff research engineer at Tenable, said these vulnerabilities are not at a level of a Log4Shell or Heartbleed.
“The reality is that across a variety of software, be it open or closed source, there are a countless number of vulnerabilities that have yet to be discovered and disclosed,” Narang said. “Security research is vital to this process and we can and should demand better of software vendors.”
“For organizations that are honing in on these latest vulnerabilities, it’s important to highlight that the flaws that are most impactful and concerning are the known vulnerabilities that continue to be exploited by advanced persistent threat groups with ties to nation states, as well as ransomware affiliates that are pilfering corporations for millions of dollars each year.”
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Ubuntu Security Notice 7043-4 - USN-7043-1 fixed vulnerabilities in cups-filters. This update improves the fix for CVE-2024-47176 by removing support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol entirely. Simone Margaritelli discovered that the cups-filters cups-browsed component could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol. Simone Margaritelli discovered that cups-filters incorrectly sanitized IPP data when creating PPD files. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to manipulate PPD files and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7042-2 - USN-7042-1 fixed a vulnerability in cups-browsed. This update improves the fix by removing support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol entirely. Simone Margaritelli discovered that cups-browsed could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7043-3 - USN-7043-1 fixed a vulnerability in cups-filters. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Simone Margaritelli discovered that the cups-filters cups-browsed component could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7041-3 - USN-7041-1 fixed a vulnerability in CUPS. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. Simone Margaritelli discovered that CUPS incorrectly sanitized IPP data when creating PPD files. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to manipulate PPD files and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used.
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All an attacker needs to exploit flaws in the Common Unix Printing System is a few seconds and less than 1 cent in computing costs.
This article explores the Linux vulnerability discovered by Simone Margaritelli, which, according to cybersecurity companies Uptycs and Akamai,…
Ubuntu Security Notice 7043-2 - USN-7043-1 fixed a vulnerability in cups-filters. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Simone Margaritelli discovered that the cups-filters cups-browsed component could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7041-2 - USN-7041-1 fixed a vulnerability in CUPS. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Simone Margaritelli discovered that CUPS incorrectly sanitized IPP data when creating PPD files. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to manipulate PPD files and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used.
Debian Linux Security Advisory 5779-1 - Simone Margaritelli reported that cups, the Common UNIX Printing System, does not properly sanitize IPP attributes when creating PPD files, which may result in the execution of arbitrary code.
Debian Linux Security Advisory 5778-1 - Simone Margaritelli reported several vulnerabilities in cups-filters. Missing validation of IPP attributes returned from an IPP server and multiple bugs in the cups-browsed component can result in the execution of arbitrary commands without authentication when a print job is started.
Red Hat Security Advisory 2024-7346-03 - An update for cups-filters is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9. Issues addressed include a code execution vulnerability.
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Ubuntu Security Notice 7044-1 - Simone Margaritelli discovered that libcupsfilters incorrectly sanitized IPP data when creating PPD files. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to manipulate PPD files and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7043-1 - Simone Margaritelli discovered that the cups-filters cups-browsed component could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol. Simone Margaritelli discovered that cups-filters incorrectly sanitized IPP data when creating PPD files. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to manipulate PPD files and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used.
Ubuntu Security Notice 7042-1 - Simone Margaritelli discovered that cups-browsed could be used to create arbitrary printers from outside the local network. In combination with issues in other printing components, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to connect to a system, created manipulated PPD files, and execute arbitrary code when a printer is used. This update disables support for the legacy CUPS printer discovery protocol.
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TL;DR: All versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) are affected by CVE-2024-47076, CVE-2024-47175, CVE-2024-47176 and CVE-2024-47177, but are not vulnerable in their default configurations.Red Hat has been made aware of a group of vulnerabilities (CVE-2024-47076, CVE-2024-47175, CVE-2024-47176 and CVE-2024-47177) within OpenPrinting CUPS, an open source printing system that is prevalent in most modern Linux distributions, including RHEL. Specifically, CUPS provides tools to manage, discover and share printers for Linux distributions. By chaining this group of vulnerabilities together, an a