#windows

**According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R). What interaction would the user have to do?** Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that a user open a specially crafted file. * In an email attack scenario, an attacker could exploit the vulnerability by sending the specially crafted file to the user and convincing the user to open the file. * In a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a website (or leverage a compromised website that accepts or hosts user-provided content) containing a specially crafted file designed to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker would have no way to force users to visit the website. Instead, an attacker would have to convince users to click a link, typically by way of an enticement in an email or instant message, and then convince them to open the specially crafted file.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An unauthenticated attacker could send a specially crafted IP packet to a target machine that is running Windows and has IPSec enabled, which could enable a remote code execution exploitation.

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An unauthenticated attacker could send a specially crafted IP packet to a target machine that is running Windows and has IPSec enabled, which could enable a remote code execution exploitation.

**What type of information could be disclosed by this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could view the data protection API (DPAPI) master key.

**What privileges could an attacker gain?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain SYSTEM privileges.

**According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R). What interaction would the user have to do?** Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that a user open a specially crafted file. * In an email attack scenario, an attacker could exploit the vulnerability by sending the specially crafted file to the user and convincing the user to open the file. * In a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a website (or leverage a compromised website that accepts or hosts user-provided content) containing a specially crafted file designed to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker would have no way to force users to visit the website. Instead, an attacker would have to convince users to click a link, typically by way of an enticement in an email or instant message, and then convince them to open the specially crafted file.

Mitigation refers to a setting, common configuration, or general best-practice, existing in a default state, that could reduce the severity of exploitation of a vulnerability. The following mitigating factors might be helpful in your situation: A prerequisite for a server to be vulnerable is that the binding has HTTP/3 enabled and the server uses buffered I/O. HTTP/3 support for services is a new feature of Windows Server 2022. Currently, enabling HTTP/3 is done via a registry key as dicussed in this article: Enabling HTTP/3 support on Windows Server 2022

**What privileges could be gained by an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability?** A local authenticated attacker could gain elevated privileges through a vulnerable DFS client, which could allow the attacker to locally execute arbitrary code in the kernel.

Mitigation refers to a setting, common configuration, or general best-practice, existing in a default state, that could reduce the severity of exploitation of a vulnerability. The following mitigating factors might be helpful in your situation: Only systems with the IPSec service running are vulnerable to this attack.

**What privileges could an attacker gain?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain SYSTEM privileges.