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CVE-2021-3807: Fix potential ReDoS (#37) · chalk/ansi-regex@8d1d7cd

ansi-regex is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

CVE

Would someone be able to help me understand the exact formatting going on here?

I assume that the \ backslashes are escaped because this is within a string, meaning \u001B must be represented as \u001B ?

I copied the “proposed” escaped original into regex101 and removed the escape characters to produce this:

[\u001B\u009B][[]()#;?](?:(?:(?:(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~_]+)|[a-zA-Z\d]+(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~_]))?\u0007)

I then plugged that unescaped version back in to determine whether there were any problems with the pattern itself, and see that there is an incomplete/unclosed (?: which should probably be removed:

[\u001B\u009B][[]()#;?](?:(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~_]+)|[a-zA-Z\d]+(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~_]))?\u0007

The next outer (?: … ) group appears to have no alternations or quantifiers, so can probably also be removed:

(?:(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~]+)*|[a-zA-Z\d]+(?:;[-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~]))?\u0007)

The next (?: … | … )? group does contain an alternation, and is qualified by its ? quantifier. Immediately after this optional group, it looks for \u0007 at the end.

Within both alternations, the character groups [-a-zA-Z\d/#&.:=?%@~] can be shortened: [a-zA-Z0-9] or [a-zA-Z\d_] can be replaced with \w, so: [-\w/#&.:=?%@~].

That would look like this:

[\u001B\u009B][[]()#;?](?:(?:;[-\w/#&.:=?%@~]+)|[a-zA-Z\d]+(?:;[-\w/#&.:=?%@~]))?\u0007

So, within the first alternation, it matches a semicolon ; followed by one or more of those character-group characters. Within the second alternation, it first looks for letters or numbers, followed by any number of semicolon ; followed by zero or more of those character-group characters. I’m not sure whether that would want to be a + one-or-more, since that would allow “abc;;;;;;;;;” to match there instead of requiring characters between those semicolons.

If you look at this example, I’ve changed the outer non-capturing (?: … )? to a capturing group just for illustrative purposes so you can see how the semicolon is matched in one case but not in the other due to this zero or more quantifiers. You can see this when the semicolon is added to the text in this next example.

If both ;[-\w/#&.:=?%@~] character groups are quantified with zero-or-more *, then subsequent semicolons ;; will match, while if they are quantified with one-or-more +, the match fails due to subsequent semicolons ;;.

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