Headline
Deserialized web security roundup: Algolia API key leak, GitHub CVE reporting, scoring CVSS scores
Your fortnightly rundown of AppSec vulnerabilities, new hacking techniques, and other cybersecurity news
Adam Bannister 02 December 2022 at 17:19 UTC
Updated: 02 December 2022 at 17:20 UTC
Your fortnightly rundown of AppSec vulnerabilities, new hacking techniques, and other cybersecurity news
Our inaugural web security roundup begins with the news that thousands of applications were found to be leaking API keys for Algolia.
Algolia technology is used by the likes of Lacoste, Stripe, and Slack, to incorporate search, discovery, and recommendations into web, voice, and mobile applications.
Researchers from CloudSEK found 1,500 apps leaking Algolia API keys, 32 of which had hardcoded keys that could allow attackers to steal or delete the data of millions of users. Vulnerable data included IP addresses, access details, and analytics data.
Meanwhile, maintainers of open source repositories can now receive private vulnerability reports, remediate them, and issue CVEs via GitHub, the Microsoft-owned software development platform announced at the GitHub Universe conference.
The news went down well with at least one infosec pro, with vulnerability researcher and The Daily Swig interviewee Alex Chapman calling it an “amazing feature”.
Staying with vulnerability management, the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has set out a three-step process for enhancing vulnerability management, including leveraging the vulnerability exploitability exchange (VEX), a form of security advisory index recently featured on The Daily Swig that focuses on the exploitability of flaws within applications.
CISA has also published a study on the effectiveness of the CVSS base score equation that concluded that the metric closely – albeit not perfectly – represents the CVSS maintainers’ expert opinion.
The Daily Swig also recently reported on system config issues in flavor-of-the-month social networking platform Mastodon, Tailscale VPN nodes being vulnerable to DNS rebinding, and how the Go SAML library was affected by an authentication bypass, among other news.
Here are some more web security stories and other cybersecurity news that caught our attention in the last fortnight:
Web vulnerabilities
Apache Commons BCEL / CVE-2022-42920 / CVSS 9.8 / Out-of-bounds writing issue impacting APIs could give attackers greater control of resulting bytecode
Apache MINA SSHD / CVE-2022-45047 / CVSS 9.8 / Unsafe Java deserialization / Patched
Flarum / CVE-2022-41938 / CVSS 9.0 / cross site-scripting XSS allowed injection of malicious HTML markup using discussion title input, either by creating a new discussion or renaming one / Patched November 21
TiDB / CVE-2022-3023 / CVSS 9.8 / Data source name injection could lead to arbitrary file reads / Patched November 17 Research and attack techniques
Sonar published a three-part series documenting vulnerabilities in IT Infrastructure monitoring tool Checkmk and its NagVis integration. These flaws could be chained to seize control of servers
Platform certificates used to sign system apps on Android builds have been maliciously leaked and used to sign malicious Android apps – “Folks, this is bad. Very, very bad”, tweeted one Android expert
Software engineer Tom Forbes uncovered a serious oversight by IT firm Infosys whereby a file was accidentally published to PyPi – and accessible for more than a year – containing AWS keys to an S3 bucket potentially containing patient data from Johns Hopkins University
TikTok is proving a useful vehicle for social engineering
- Cybercriminals are tricking TikTok users into downloading malware with the promise of removing invisibility filters from nude photos, Checkmarx reveals – with TikTok videos posted by the attacker gathering over a million views in just two days
- Hacker extraordinaire Sam Curry revealed that he was part of a team that uncovered 100 vulnerabilities – 50 rated critical – on agricultural equipment supplier John Deere’s security program, with technical details in the pipeline
Bug bounty / vulnerability disclosure
- HackerOne’s leading Australian hacker and number 30 on its worldwide leaderboard Shubham Shah has published a deep dive on what it takes to succeed as a bug bounty hunter
- Belgium-based bug bounty and pen testing platform Intigriti launched a Bug Bounty Calculator, as reported in our monthly Bug Bounty Radar
- Idaho launched a vulnerability disclosure policy for election websites, becoming the fourth US state to launch a vulnerability disclosure policy, reports Statescoop
New open source infosec/hacking tools
- Mi-X – Determines your system’s potential vulnerability to flaws by evaluating runtime execution, configuration, permissions, mitigations, OS, and other relevant variables
- GuardDog – Identifies malicious Python packages using Semgrep and package metadata analysis
- Legitify – Detect and remediate misconfigurations plus security and compliance issues across your GitHub assets
- inTheWild – Vulnerability feed that documents reports of CVEs being exploited in the wild
- APTRS (Automated Penetration Testing Reporting System) – Python and Django tool for tracking projects and vulnerabilities and creating reports without using DOCX files
For devs
- The US’s National Security Agency (NSA) has released guidance (PDF) urging developers to abandon “programming languages that provide little or no inherent memory protection, such as C/C++, to a memory safe language when possible”
RECOMMENDED Critical vulnerability allowed attackers to remotely unlock, control Hyundai, Genesis vehicles
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Red Hat Security Advisory 2023-0471-01 - An update is now available for Migration Toolkit for Runtimes (v1.0.1). Issues addressed include a denial of service vulnerability.
An update is now available for Migration Toolkit for Runtimes (v1.0.1). Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-42920: Apache-Commons-BCEL: arbitrary bytecode produced via out-of-bounds writing
An update is now available for Migration Toolkit for Runtimes (v1.0.1). Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-3517: nodejs-minimatch: ReDoS via the braceExpand function * CVE-2022-25914: jib-core: RCE via the isDockerInstalled * CVE-2022-37603: loader-utils:Regular expression denial of service * CVE-2022-42003: jackson-databind: deep wrapper array nesting wrt UNWRAP_SINGLE_VALUE_ARRAYS * CVE-2022-42004: jackson-databind: use of deeply nested arrays * CVE-2022...
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IBM Business Automation Workflow 18.0.0, 18.0.1, 18.0.2, 19.0.1, 19.0.2, 19.0.3, 20.0.1, 20.0.2, 20.0.3, 21.0.1, 21.0.2, 21.0.3, and 22.0.1 is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery which could allow an attacker to execute malicious and unauthorized actions transmitted from a user that the website trusts. IBM X-Force ID: 238054.
Red Hat Security Advisory 2023-0005-01 - The Byte Code Engineering Library is intended to give users a convenient way to analyze, create, and manipulate Java class files.
Red Hat Security Advisory 2023-0004-01 - The Byte Code Engineering Library is intended to give users a convenient way to analyze, create, and manipulate Java class files.
An update for bcel is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-42920: Apache-Commons-BCEL: arbitrary bytecode produced via out-of-bounds writing
An update for bcel is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-42920: Apache-Commons-BCEL: arbitrary bytecode produced via out-of-bounds writing
Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-8958-01 - The Byte Code Engineering Library is intended to give users a convenient way to analyze, create, and manipulate Java class files.
Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-8959-01 - The Byte Code Engineering Library is intended to give users a convenient way to analyze, create, and manipulate Java class files.
Red Hat Security Advisory 2022-8957-01 - This release of Red Hat build of Quarkus 2.7.6.SP3 includes security updates, bug fixes, and enhancements. For more information, see the release notes page listed in the References section. Issues addressed include a deserialization vulnerability.
An update for bcel is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-42920: Apache-Commons-BCEL: arbitrary bytecode produced via out-of-bounds writing
An update for rh-maven36-bcel is now available for Red Hat Software Collections. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-42920: Apache-Commons-BCEL: arbitrary bytecode produced via out-of-bounds writing
An update is now available for Red Hat build of Quarkus Platform. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability. For more information, see the CVE links in the References section.This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original. Related CVEs: * CVE-2022-4116: quarkus_dev_ui: Dev UI Config Editor is vulnerable to drive-by localhost attacks leading to RCE * CVE-2022-4147: quarkus-vertx-http: Security misconfiguration of CORS : OWASP A05_2021 level in Quarkus * CVE-2022-45047: mina-sshd: Java unsafe deserialization vulnerability
Flarum's page title system allowed for page titles to be converted into HTML DOM nodes when pages were rendered. The change was made after `v1.5` and was not noticed. This allowed an attacker to inject malicious HTML markup using a discussion title input, either by creating a new discussion or renaming one. The XSS attack occurs after a visitor opens the relevant discussion page. ### Impact All communities running Flarum from `v1.5.0` to `v1.6.1` are impacted. ### Patches The vulnerability has been fixed and published as flarum/core `v1.6.2`. All communities running Flarum from `v1.5.0` to `v1.6.1` have to upgrade as soon as possible to v1.6.2 using: ``` composer update --prefer-dist --no-dev -a -W ``` You can then confirm you run the latest version using: ``` composer show flarum/core ``` ### Workarounds **None.** ### For more information For any questions or comments on this vulnerability please visit https://discuss.flarum.org/d/27558. For support questions create a discuss...
Flarum is an open source discussion platform. Flarum's page title system allowed for page titles to be converted into HTML DOM nodes when pages were rendered. The change was made after `v1.5` and was not noticed. This allowed an attacker to inject malicious HTML markup using a discussion title input, either by creating a new discussion or renaming one. The XSS attack occurs after a visitor opens the relevant discussion page. All communities running Flarum from `v1.5.0` to `v1.6.1` are impacted. The vulnerability has been fixed and published as flarum/core `v1.6.2`. All communities running Flarum from `v1.5.0` to `v1.6.1` have to upgrade as soon as possible to v1.6.2. There are no known workarounds for this issue.
Class org.apache.sshd.server.keyprovider.SimpleGeneratorHostKeyProvider in Apache MINA SSHD <= 2.9.1 uses Java deserialization to load a serialized java.security.PrivateKey. The class is one of several implementations that an implementor using Apache MINA SSHD can choose for loading the host keys of an SSH server.
Apache Commons BCEL has a number of APIs that would normally only allow changing specific class characteristics. However, due to an out-of-bounds writing issue, these APIs can be used to produce arbitrary bytecode. This could be abused in applications that pass attacker-controllable data to those APIs, giving the attacker more control over the resulting bytecode than otherwise expected. Update to Apache Commons BCEL 6.6.0.
Apache Commons BCEL has a number of APIs that would normally only allow changing specific class characteristics. However, due to an out-of-bounds writing issue, these APIs can be used to produce arbitrary bytecode. This could be abused in applications that pass attacker-controllable data to those APIs, giving the attacker more control over the resulting bytecode than otherwise expected. Update to Apache Commons BCEL 6.6.0.
TiDB is vulnerable to Use of Externally-Controlled Format String. A patch is available on the `master` branch and expected to be part of versions 6.4.0 and 6.1.3.
Use of Externally-Controlled Format String in GitHub repository pingcap/tidb prior to 6.4.0, 6.1.3.