Headline
Microsoft Rolls Out Patches for 80 New Security Flaws — Two Under Active Attack
Microsoft’s Patch Tuesday update for March 2023 is rolling out with remediations for a set of 80 security flaws, two of which have come under active exploitation in the wild. Eight of the 80 bugs are rated Critical, 71 are rated Important, and one is rated Moderate in severity. The updates are in addition to 29 flaws the tech giant fixed in its Chromium-based Edge browser in recent weeks. The
Patch Tuesday / Software Update
Microsoft’s Patch Tuesday update for March 2023 is rolling out with remediations for a set of 80 security flaws, two of which have come under active exploitation in the wild.
Eight of the 80 bugs are rated Critical, 71 are rated Important, and one is rated Moderate in severity. The updates are in addition to 29 flaws the tech giant fixed in its Chromium-based Edge browser in recent weeks.
The two vulnerabilities that have come under active attack include a Microsoft Outlook privilege escalation flaw (CVE-2023-23397, CVSS score: 9.8) and a Windows SmartScreen security feature bypass (CVE-2023-24880, CVSS score: 5.1).
CVE-2023-23397 is “triggered when an attacker sends a message with an extended MAPI property with a UNC path to an SMB (TCP 445) share on a threat actor-controlled server,” Microsoft said in a standalone advisory.
A threat actor could leverage this flaw by sending a specially crafted email, activating it automatically when it is retrieved and processed by the Outlook client for Windows. As a result, this could lead to exploitation without requiring any user interaction and before even the message is viewed in the Preview Pane.
Microsoft credited the Computer Emergency Response Team of Ukraine (CERT-UA) with reporting the flaw, adding it is aware of “limited targeted attacks” mounted by a Russia-based threat actor against government, transportation, energy, and military sectors in Europe.
CVE-2023-24880, on the other hand, concerns a security bypass flaw that could be exploited to evade Mark-of-the-Web (MotW) protections when opening untrusted files downloaded from the internet.
It is also the consequence of a narrow patch released by Microsoft to resolve another SmartScreen bypass bug (CVE-2022-44698, CVSS score: 5.4) that came to light last year and which was exploited by financially motivated actors to deliver Magniber ransomware.
“Vendors often release narrow patches, creating an opportunity for attackers to iterate and discover new variants,” Google Threat Analysis Group (TAG) researcher Benoit Sevens said in a report.
“Because the root cause behind the SmartScreen security bypass was not addressed, the attackers were able to quickly identify a different variant of the original bug.”
TAG said it observed over 100,000 downloads of malicious MSI files signed with malformed Authenticode signature since January 2023, thereby permitting the adversary to distribute Magniber ransomware without raising any security warnings. A majority of those downloads have been associated with users in Europe.
The disclosure also comes as the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added the two flaws to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog and announced a new pilot program that aims to warn critical infrastructure entities about “vulnerabilities commonly associated with known ransomware exploitation.”
Also closed out by Microsoft are a number of critical remote code execution flaws impacting HTTP Protocol Stack (CVE-2023-23392, CVSS score: 9.8), Internet Control Message Protocol (CVE-2023-23415, CVSS score: 9.8), and Remote Procedure Call Runtime (CVE-2023-21708, CVSS score: 9.8).
Other notable mentions include patches for four privilege escalation bugs identified in the Windows Kernel, 10 remote code execution flaws affecting Microsoft PostScript and PCL6 Class Printer Driver, and a WebView2 spoofing vulnerability in the Edge browser.
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Elsewhere, Microsoft also closed out two information disclosure flaws in Microsoft OneDrive for Android, one spoofing vulnerability in Office for Android, one security bypass bug in Microsoft OneDrive for iOS, and one privilege escalation issue in OneDrive for macOS.
Rounding off the list are patches for two high-severity vulnerabilities in the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 reference library specification (CVE-2023-1017 and CVE-2023-1018, CVSS scores: 8.8) that could lead to information disclosure or privilege escalation.
Software Patches from Other Vendors
Aside from Microsoft, security updates have also been released by other vendors since the start of the month to rectify several vulnerabilities, including —
- Adobe
- Android
- Apache Projects
- Aruba Networks
- Cisco
- Citrix
- CODESYS
- Dell
- Drupal
- F5
- Fortinet
- GitLab
- Google Chrome
- IBM
- Jenkins
- Lenovo
- Linux distributions Debian, Oracle Linux, Red Hat, SUSE, and Ubuntu
- MediaTek
- Mozilla Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird
- NETGEAR
- NVIDIA
- Qualcomm
- Samba
- Samsung
- SAP
- Schneider Electric
- Siemens
- SonicWall
- Sophos
- Synology
- Trend Micro
- Veeam
- Zoho, and
- Zoom
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**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** To exploit this vulnerability, an unauthenticated attacker would need to send a specially crafted RPC call to an RPC host. This could result in remote code execution on the server side with the same permissions as the RPC service.
**According to the CVSS metrics, successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to major loss of confidentiality (C:H), integrity (I:H) and availability (A:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could access a user's Net-NTLMv2 hash which could be used as a basis of an NTLM Relay attack against another service to authenticate as the user.
**What is the relationship between Mark of the Web and Windows SmartScreen?** When you download a file from the internet, Windows adds the zone identifier or Mark of the Web as an NTFS stream to the file. So, when you run the file, Windows SmartScreen checks if there is a zone identifier Alternate Data Stream (ADS) attached to the file. If the ADS indicates ZoneId=3 which means that the file was downloaded from the internet, the SmartScreen does a reputation check. For more information on SmartScreen, please visit Microsoft Defender SmartScreen overview | Microsoft Learn.
**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could send a low-level protocol error containing a fragmented IP packet inside another ICMP packet in its header to the target machine. To trigger the vulnerable code path, an application on the target must be bound to a raw socket.
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Ubuntu Security Notice 5933-1 - Francisco Falcon discovered that Libtpms did not properly manage memory when performing certain cryptographic operations. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. It was discovered that Libtpms did not properly manage memory when handling certain commands. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service.
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