Headline
Chinese APT's favorite vulnerabilities revealed
Categories: Exploits and vulnerabilities Categories: News Tags: Chinese APT
Tags: advanced persistent threat
Tags: APT
Tags: CISA
Tags: NSA
Tags: FBI
Tags: security advisory
CISA, the NSA and the FBI have compiled a list of the vulnerabilities targeted by state-sponsorted threat actors from China.
(Read more…)
The post Chinese APT’s favorite vulnerabilities revealed appeared first on Malwarebytes Labs.
In a joint cybersecurity advisory, the National Security Agency (NSA), the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) have revealed the top CVEs used by state-sponsored threat actors from China.
The advisory aims to “inform federal and state, local, tribal and territorial (SLTT) government; critical infrastructure, including the Defense Industrial Base Sector; and private sector organizations about notable trends and persistent tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).”
The US and other allied nations consider China a cyber threat as it continues to target and attack companies in the US and elsewhere, with the primary aim of stealing intellectual property or gaining access to sensitive networks. The usual targets range from organizations in the IT sector, including telecommunications service providers; the DIB (Defense Industrial Base) sector, which is related to military weapons systems; and other critical infrastructure sectors.
It is no surprise, then, that a majority of the CVEs revealed are for flaws allowing actors to surreptitiously and unlawfully gain access to networks. Within these networks, they establish persistence and move laterally to other connected systems.
The advisory is part of a concerted effort by US government agencies, particularly CISA, to push companies into getting on top of their patching. Part of that is getting them to patch much faster, and the other is getting them to focus on patching the vulnerabilities that threat actors are known to use.
Last year, CISA began publishing a catalog of actively exploited vulnerabilities that need ot be patched within two weeks on federal information systems. The agencies behind this latest advisory have also collaborated in the past on a list of vulnerabilities favored by Russian state-sponsored threat actors.
If your organization’s intellectual property is likely to be of interest to China, this is list is for you. And if it isn’t, this list is still worth paying attention to.
The vunerabilities****Remote code execution (RCE)
RCE flaws let attackers execute malicious code on a compromised, remote computer. The advisory identifies 12 RCEs: CVE-2021-44228 (also known as Log4Shell or LogJam), CVE-2021-22205, CVE-2022-26134, CVE-2021-26855, CVE-2020-5902, CVE-2021-26084, CVE-2021-42237, CVE-2022-1388, CVE-2021-40539, CVE-2021-26857, CVE-2021-26858, and CVE-2021-27065.
Arbitrary file read
The advisory identifies two arbitrary file read flaws—CVE-2019-11510 and CVE-2021-22005—which allow users or malicious programs with low privileges to read (but not write) any file on the affected system or server. Useful for stealing data.
Authentication bypass by spoofing
CVE-2022-24112 is an authentication bypass flaw that allows attackers to access resources they shouldn’t have access to by spoofing an IP address.
Command injection
CVE-2021-36260 is a command injection flaw that allows attackers to execute commands of their own choosing on an affected system. A vulnerable app is usually involved in such attacks.
Command line execution
CVE-2021-1497 is a command injection flaw that allows attackers to inject data into an affected system’s command line.
Path Traversal
Also known as “directory traversal,” these flaws allow attackers to read, and possibly write to, restricted files by inputting path traversal sequences like …/ into file or directory paths. CVE-2019-19781, CVE-2021-41773, and CVE-2021-20090 are all forms of path traversal attack.
Mitigations
The NSA, CISA, and FBI urge organizations to undertake the following mitigations:
- Apply patches as they come, prioritizing the most critical l flaws in your environment.
- Use multi-factor authentication.
- Require the use of strong, unique passwords.
- Upgrade or replace software or devices that are at, or close to, their end of life.
- Consider adopting a zero-trust security model.
- Monitor and log Internet-facing systems for abnormal activity.
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A slew of Microsoft Exchange vulnerabilities (including ProxyLogon) fueled a surge in attacks targeting software flaws in 2021, but the trend has continued this year.
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While attackers continue to rely on older, unpatched vulnerabilities, many are jumping on new vulnerabilities as soon as they are disclosed.
While attackers continue to rely on older, unpatched vulnerabilities, many are jumping on new vulnerabilities as soon as they are disclosed.
While attackers continue to rely on older, unpatched vulnerabilities, many are jumping on new vulnerabilities as soon as they are disclosed.
While attackers continue to rely on older, unpatched vulnerabilities, many are jumping on new vulnerabilities as soon as they are disclosed.
While attackers continue to rely on older, unpatched vulnerabilities, many are jumping on new vulnerabilities as soon as they are disclosed.
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Zoho ManageEngine ADSelfService Plus before 6121, ADAuditPlus 7060, Exchange Reporter Plus 5701, and ADManagerPlus 7131 allow NTLM Hash disclosure during certain storage-path configuration steps.
If LimitXMLRequestBody is set to allow request bodies larger than 350MB (defaults to 1M) on 32 bit systems an integer overflow happens which later causes out of bounds writes. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.52 and earlier.
Vulnerability in the MySQL Connectors product of Oracle MySQL (component: Connector/J). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.27 and prior. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Connectors. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of MySQL Connectors. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.6 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in DataImportHandler of Apache Solr allows an attacker to provide a Windows UNC path resulting in an SMB network call being made from the Solr host to another host on the network. If the attacker has wider access to the network, this may lead to SMB attacks, which may result in: * The exfiltration of sensitive data such as OS user hashes (NTLM/LM hashes), * In case of misconfigured systems, SMB Relay Attacks which can lead to user impersonation on SMB Shares or, in a worse-case scenario, Remote Code Execution This issue affects all Apache Solr versions prior to 8.11.1. This issue only affects Windows.
A carefully crafted request body can cause a buffer overflow in the mod_lua multipart parser (r:parsebody() called from Lua scripts). The Apache httpd team is not aware of an exploit for the vulnerabilty though it might be possible to craft one. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.51 and earlier.
The vCenter Server contains multiple local privilege escalation vulnerabilities due to improper permissions of files and directories. An authenticated local user with non-administrative privilege may exploit these issues to elevate their privileges to root on vCenter Server Appliance.
A command injection vulnerability in the web server of some Hikvision product. Due to the insufficient input validation, attacker can exploit the vulnerability to launch a command injection attack by sending some messages with malicious commands.
In affected versions of Confluence Server and Data Center, an OGNL injection vulnerability exists that would allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on a Confluence Server or Data Center instance. The affected versions are before version 6.13.23, from version 6.14.0 before 7.4.11, from version 7.5.0 before 7.11.6, and from version 7.12.0 before 7.12.5.
Improper Access Control vulnerability in web service of Secomea SiteManager allows local attacker without credentials to gather network information and configuration of the SiteManager. This issue affects: Secomea SiteManager All versions prior to 9.5 on Hardware.
This guidance will help customers address threats taking advantage of the recently disclosed Microsoft Exchange Server on-premises vulnerabilities CVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021-26858, CVE-2021-26857, and CVE-2021-27065, which are being exploited. We strongly urge customers to immediately update systems. Failing to address these vulnerabilities can result in compromise of your on-premises Exchange Server and, potentially, other parts of your internal network.
We have been actively working with customers through our customer support teams, third-party hosters, and partner network to help them secure their environments and respond to associated threats from the recent Exchange Server on-premises attacks. Based on these engagements we realized that there was a need for a simple, easy to use, automated solution that would meet the needs of customers using both current and out-of-support versions of on-premises Exchange Server.
Update March 15, 2021: If you have not yet patched, and have not applied the mitigations referenced below, a one-click tool, the Exchange On-premises Mitigation Tool is now our recommended path to mitigate until you can patch. Microsoft previously blogged our strong recommendation that customers upgrade their on-premises Exchange environments to the latest supported version.
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-26412, CVE-2021-26854, CVE-2021-26855, CVE-2021-26857, CVE-2021-26858, CVE-2021-27078.
On March 2nd, we released several security updates for Microsoft Exchange Server to address vulnerabilities that are being used in ongoing attacks. Due to the critical nature of these vulnerabilities, we recommend that customers protect their organizations by applying the patches immediately to affected systems. The vulnerabilities affect Exchange Server versions 2013, 2016, and 2019, while Exchange Server 2010 is also being updated for defense-in-depth purposes.
Apache HTTP Server versions 2.4.20 to 2.4.43. A specially crafted value for the 'Cache-Digest' header in a HTTP/2 request would result in a crash when the server actually tries to HTTP/2 PUSH a resource afterwards. Configuring the HTTP/2 feature via "H2Push off" will mitigate this vulnerability for unpatched servers.
In Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure version 9.0RX before 9.0R3.4, 8.3RX before 8.3R7.1, and 8.2RX before 8.2R12.1, users using SAML authentication with the Reuse Existing NC (Pulse) Session option may see authentication leaks.
Remote code execution is possible with Apache Tomcat before 6.0.48, 7.x before 7.0.73, 8.x before 8.0.39, 8.5.x before 8.5.7, and 9.x before 9.0.0.M12 if JmxRemoteLifecycleListener is used and an attacker can reach JMX ports. The issue exists because this listener wasn't updated for consistency with the CVE-2016-3427 Oracle patch that affected credential types.